                     HD95COPY 2.6d   and   FAT32CP 1.6d

HD95COPY is a program to backup and restore FAT16 partitions.
FAT32CP is a program to backup and restore FAT32 partitions of MS Windows 
95 (OSR2).
For the user these programs are nearly identical. The following statements 
about HD95COPY are also valid for FAT32CP unless otherwise stated.
1 The problem

1. How can you backup / restore a drive containing long filenames from DOS 
level?
2. There are many networks (e.g. in schools) where all PCs are identically 
configured. It seems to be useful to configure ONE PC and to copy this 
installation to all other PCs over the network. For DOS or Windows 3.x it 
has been easy to do by help of xcopy or pkzip.
But Windows 95 supports long filenames - which are invisible for DOS and 
therefore are not copied.
You can use the Backup program of Windows 95. But it requires Windows to be 
installed. What can you do, if your harddisk is still empty or Windows will 
not start?


2 The solution

It's easy by help of HD95COPY. This program reads your harddisk sector by 
sector and stores this data together with some needed information on your 
network server or on any other medium you can access using a drive letter. 
From there you can do a restore on all other workstations.
If you like you can span the backup file over some removable media, e.g. 
ZIP disks.
(The performance is very high because only clusters are stored which are 
actually used!)

To do a restore you don't have to install Windows - HD95COPY is a DOS 
program!


3 Requirements

1. Hard disks don't have to be identical. But the size of clusters must be 
the same.
(If you use FAT32 the cluster size is always 4 KB - up to a partition size 
of 4 GB.)
2. The hard disk you want to restore to must not contain bad sectors in the 
area where the data are written to. Outside this area bad sectors are 
treated correctly: they are not "copied" by backup; if the target drive has 
bad sectors, they stay marked.
(In FAT32CP the treatment of bad sectors is not implemented.)
3. HD95COPY requires MS-DOS version 5 or higher. Even with MS-DOS 5 you can 
backup a hard disk containing Windows 95!
(FAT32CP requires DOS 7.1 from Windows 95 OSR 2)


4 Installation

No special installation is needed. I suggest you copy HD95COPY.EXE to the 
path where you want your backup file stored.
I suggest to create a bootable floppy disk. Copy to it FORMAT.COM and all 
drivers you need to connect to your network and, if you want, your mouse 
driver. Then you can boot from this floppy, format your hard disk, start 
HD95COPY (from your network) and set up your hard disk.


5 Useful hints

All data are backed up and restored as they are - even destroyed data! 
Therefore it is strongly recommended that you check your hard disk before 
doing a backup, e.g. using SCANDISK (if your system is Windows 95 you MUST 
use SCANDSKW.EXE of Windows 95 !!!). You also should do a virus scan.
You should run HD95COPY directly from DOS, not in a DOS session. Windows 
always keeps some files open, there could be errors when backing up them.
HD95COPY has been tested very carefully by different people with numerous 
types of hard disks and computers. However, if you think of the unnumerous 
types of hardware and software, reliability in all cases cannot be assured.


6 Backup

Defragment your hard disk you want to get the backup from (if you use 
Windows 95, use DEFRAGW.EXE of Windows 95, not the DOS utility!!!)
If you want to backup to a network log in to get write access to the path 
of the backup file.
Start HD95COPY and choose a backup file by clicking on "file / backup file" 
and typing a name (without extension; .HD2 or .F32 is automatically added). 
The default drive is the drive you started the program from; but you could 
even select another one just by adding the path (e.g. U:\BACKUP\TEST.HD2 or 
U:\BACKUP\TEST.F32)
Click on "Drive" and select the drive to get the backup from.
Click on "Backup".


7 Restore

If you create a partition with FDISK do not forget to activate the primary 
partition (FDISK option 2)!
If you use FDISK of Windows 95 OSR2 you are asked whether FDISK should 
support FAT32. If you answer "yes" FDISK creates any partition bigger than 
512 MB as FAT32 drive and each partition less than 512 MB as FAT16 drive. 
You can change this behaviour if you start FDISK using command line 
parameter /FPRMT. Then you are asked for each drive whether you want to 
convert it.

If you restore from a network log in to get at least read access to the 
path of the backup file.
If you use removable media load the drivers.
Start HD95COPY and choose a backup file by clicking on "file / backup 
file". To change the drive type in the drive (e.g. F:) and press Enter.
Click on "Drive" and select the drive to write the data to.
Click on "Restore".
If you select "overwrite boot sector of drive C: " the bootsector of C: is 
written, even if you restore another drive (the backup file contains in 
every case the bootsector of C:, even if you backed up another drive).
When restore is finished, you boot the PC.
By clicking on "HD-Info" you can see some information about your hard disk.


8 Backup and Restore with command line parameters

You can use the following command line parameters:
	/INI   to show parameters for HD95COPY.INI
	/D=<drive>
	/F=<backup file>   (.HD2 is automatically appended)
	/F=$$$      date as name of the backup file, e.g. 97-06-22.HD2
	/B     if you want to backup without any question
	/Y     if you want to restore without any question
	/LANG=D   if you want menus and messages in german
	/REG   automatic update of the registry
	/REG=QNET   use station number of QuickNet
	/REG=ENV   use room and station number set in environment variables

example:
   HD95COPY   /D=C   /F=H:\BACKUP\APRIL97   /Y   /REG=QNET
   HD95COPY   /REG   (no restore, only updates the registry)


9 Verify

After creating the backup file you can test ist integrity by comparing it 
with the data on the drive.
(In the current version of FAT32CP this function is not available)


10 Updating the registry

When you did a restore all computers are configured identically. But if you 
use Microsoft Network or IP-addresses computername and IPaddress have to be 
unique. Furthermore, if some rooms are connected to a network it could be 
useful to give each room a unique workgroupname.

The idea is to assign a unique room number and a station number to each PC 
and to calculate these strings from these numbers.
/REG: You are asked for room and station number in a dialog.
/REG=QNET: If you use QuickNet ist room and station number are used.
/REG=ENV: Use the values of the environment variables %ROOM% and %PC%. Now 
you can proceed like this: Use a program to read the Ethernet address of 
your network card, use it to get room and station number from a file on the 
server and set the environment variables appropriately. Then you call 
HD95COPY with parameter /REG=ENV. This way the restore can be done 
automatically by a user who does not anything about it!

How are the strings like computername or IP address are built from room and 
station number? You can define it in HD95COPY.INI (FAT32CP.INI) if you do 
not want to use the default values (see below). E.g. the line 
COMPNAME=PC%PC%-%ROOM% has the effect that PC 7 in room 12 is named "PC7-
12".

If you want to use this function you have to boot the computer under DOS 7 
(Windows 95) to get access to the registry.
You can click on menu IPAddr oder use command line parameter /REG.
To execute this function HD95COPY finishes and calls REGEDIT. This Programm 
requires a lot of memory, especially if the registry grows bigger. 
Therefore for booting to DOS you should load HIMEM.SYS and EMM386.EXE NOEMS 
in CONFIG.SYS and add the line DOS=HIGH,UMB. If REGEDIT fails there is no 
error message, but nothing is done!

10.1 Options in HD95COPY.INI / FAT32CP.INI
(See these options by entering HD95COPY /INI)

Key             Meaning                                 default
WINDIR          Windows directory                       C:\WINDOWS
REGEDIT         registry editor                         REGEDIT.EXE
IPMASK          IP net mask                             255.255.255.0
IP3BYTES        Bytes 1,2 and 3 of IP address           192.168.0
IPSTART         last byte of IP address of PC 1         101
IPSTARTxxx	(see following text)	
GATEWAY         last byte of gateway IP address         1
IPKEY           (see following text)                    0000
COMPNAME        computername                            PC%ROOM%-%PC%
WORKGROUP                                               WG%ROOM%
COMMENT         description of station                  PC%PC% in %ROOM%
PCxxx-yyy	(see following text)	

(xxx is room number, yyy station number)

If you use NOCHANGE as value for COMPNAME, WORKGROUP, COMMENT or IPKEY the 
corresponding keys in the registry are not changed.

10.2 IPSTARTxxx
IPSTART804=25 has the effect that in room 804 the PC number 1 gets 25 as 
last byte of ist IP address.
(overwrites IPSTART=)
10.3 IPKEY
The key for the IP address in the registry might be
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\System\CurrentControlSet\Services\Class\NetTrans\0002
In this case set IPKEY=0002
You find this value (which could be different) as you start regedit and 
search for "IPAddr".

10.4 PCxxx-yyy
If you want to set a special registry key for one station (e.g. another VGA 
resolution) you export this key from regedit to a file. Use the name of 
this file as parameter, e.g.
PC143-12=U:\VGA640.REG
means that when restoring PC 12 in room 143 the content of file 
U:\VGA640.REG is imported in the registry.

10.5 Computername, Workgroup, Comment
You can define strings to describe these values. %ROOM% is replaced by the 
room number, %PC% by the station number. A dialog asks for them. E.g.
COMPUTERNAME=PC%PC%in%ROOM%
assigns the computername "PC7in423" to PC 7 in room 423.
WORKGROUP=WG%ROOM%
assigns "WG423" to this PC.
COMMENT=pc %PC% in room %ROOM%
assigns "pc 7 in room 423" to this PC.
WORKGROUP=WORKGROUP assigns the workgroup name "WORKGROUP" to all PCs.

WORKGROUP=NOCHANGE: The name of the workgroup is not changed.

10.6 Station number and room number for QuickNet.
If you use command line parameter /REG=QNET the station number and room 
number of QuickNet are used instead of asking for them by a dialog (You can 
define a fixed station number under QuickNet).

10.7 Station number and room number from environment variables.
If you use command line parameter /REG=ENV the station number and room 
number are taken from environment variables %ROOM% and %PC%.

10.8 Example for HD95COPY.INI / FAT32CP.INI

IPKEY=0002
COMPNAME=ADMIN%PC%
COMMENT=Admin %PC%
WORKGROUP=Administration

It means, you use mainly the default values. E.g. PC 7 gets the name 
"ADMIN7", the comment "Admin 7" and IP address 192.168.0.107. It belongs to 
workgroup "Administration".


11 Version history

11.1 HD95COPY

Version 1.1
first version
support only for C:

Version 2.1 - 2.3:
command line parameters for automatic backup and restore
support for all drives
support of removable media

Version 2.4:
new feature: updating the registry
command line parameter /REG
new options for INI file

Version 2.5 - 2.6:
skipping of unused clusters

Version 2.6b
Set backup file to readonly 
No error message if backup file is readonly

Version 2.6c
New command line parameter /REG=ENV
There is a bug in Borlands libraries: If your processor speed is too high 
(200 MHz) you get run time error 200. This version contains a patch to fix 
this bug.

Version 2.6d
Sorry, there has been a bug. Under certain circumstances there have been 
problems to restore from removable media. The bug has been in the restore 
procedure, so you can still use your backup files - they are ok!


11.2 FAT32CP

Version 1.1
first version
Function ,verify" not yet supported
No special treatment of bad sectors

Version 1.2
New command line parameter /REG=ENV
An error in the documentation of Microsoft had the effect that partitions 
were not treated correctly if they did not use the standard parameters. 
This bug is now corrected. It affected only the restore, therefore you can 
use backup files generated by version 1.1.

Version 1.6d
Sorry, there has been a bug. Under certain circumstances there have been 
problems to restore from removable media. The bug has been in the restore 
procedure, so you can still use your backup files - they are ok!
(No, you did not miss any versions; I just adjusted the version number to 
HD95COPY.)


12 Messages and Errors

12.1 "You need more than 1 medium"
HD95COPY recognizes if you select a removable medium to store the backup 
file. This messages tells you that you will need more than one medium to 
complete the backup.

12.2  "You backed up drive ... "
You can restore to another drive than you got the backup from. But be 
careful, the INI files and registry contain paths with drive letters!

12.3  "This is disk ... of current backup"
If you back up to removable media and you insert e.g. disk 2 again as disk 
4, it cannot be overwritten. Or else you would lose that part of your 
backup.

12.4 "Drive ... has bad sectors (without data)"
The target drive has bad sectors, but they are outside the used part of the 
disk.

12.5  "Drive ... has bad sectors to write on"
In this case usually a restore is not possible, if you did not get the 
backup from that disk.
You should format the disk before restoring - or better, change your hard 
disk!

12.6  "Errors in data structure"
The target disk contains bad sectors which could not be written. Use 
SCANDISK (of Windows 95) to correct it - or better, change your hard disk!
12.7 "Invalid available space on drive ... "
If you backup to a disk (especially on a network) that is bigger than 2 GB, 
DOS could report a wrong size of the available space. If you are sure there 
is enough space you can decide yourself to continue.

12.8 "You can use this program only for FAT16 (FAT32)"
If you start the program drive C: is checked for the correct file system. 
(You can use HD95COPY only for FAT16, FAT32CP only for FAT32).
If your hard drive contains partitions of type FAT16 and FAT32 you can 
define the "correct" drive by command line parameter /D:
Example: C: is FAT32, D: and E: are FAT16. You want to back up drive E:. 
You use HD95COPY with command line parameter /D=E.

12.9 Different file system version for backup and restore
FAT32 contains a file system version number (which is currently 0.0). It 
could be that this number is changed in a later version of Windows 95. If 
it happens to you please contact the author of the program to check whether 
it is necessary to adapt the program.


13 Disclaimer

HD95COPY has been developed and tested very carefully. But I expressly 
disclaim any warranty of any kind and any liability for consequential 
damages. You use this program on your own risk.


14 License

14.1 for QuickNet
If you use QuickNet (license of more than 2 stations), you are 
automatically licensed - with no fee!

14.2 for other users
HD95COPY is NOT free software. It is distributed as SHAREWARE. You can test 
the program for 30 days. If you find it useful and decide to use it you 
have to register. If you continue to use the software after the evaluation 
period without purchasing a license, you are in violation of international 
copyright laws.
(If you use the shareware or single user version, you can do a restore only 
to one station at a time.)

The registration fee is
for a single user license 
	ATS 300,- in Austria 
	(DM 50,- or US$ 40,- )
	(if you pay by check please use ATS or US$; otherwise the bank fees 
are very high!)

for a network license for one organisational unit (e.g. one department, one 
classroom) 
	ATS 990,-
	(DM 150,- or US$ 120,- )
	(if you pay by check please use ATS or US$; otherwise the bank fees 
are very high!)

for a site license 
	ATS 2500,-
	(DM 400,- or US$ 300,-)
	(if you pay by check please use ATS or US$; otherwise the bank fees 
are very high!)


You may pay by
- mail or money order to
	Gottfried Siehs
	Tiergartenstrasse 99
	A-6020 Innsbruck
	Austria / Europe
- check
- bank transfer to:
	PSK Bank Innsbruck, Konto-Nr. 7786.901, BLZ 60000
	(Dr. Gottfried Siehs)
(If you pay by bank transfer please use ATS; otherwise the bank fee is very 
high!)

Please let me know your EMail address or your FAX number to send you the 
registration key!


15 Updates

You find the latest version at
http://www.geocities.com/SiliconValley/Lakes/8753


Microsoft and MS-DOS are registered trademarks and Windows is a trademark 
of Microsoft Corporation.


Gottfried Siehs, Tiergartenstrasse 99, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria/Europe.

My Email: g.siehs@tirol.com
