HELP.TXT 7.8.4              APRS HELP DOCUMENT

All APRS documentation is in the form of individual text files in the
APRS\README directory.  For an index, just use the DOS DIR command.

There are a few special versions of APRS which were derived from APRS74:
       APRSdr.exe   Has a dead reckoning path following mode.  See DR.txt
       APRSmin.exe  A minimized version 316K vice 373K (without DX & WX)
       APRtrak.exe  A version for SPACE donated to AMSAT.  See SPACE.txt
       APRSair.exe  A version that will plot airlines.  See AIRCRAFT.txt

APRS PACKET PROTOCOL:  APRS captures 4 types of packets used in real-time 
tactical communications for display on its various screens as listed below:  
For more detail see PROTOCOL.TXT

   POSITS   - Position reports (both STATION and OBJECTS, WX, etc)
   MESSAGES - Includes messages and Bulletins
   STATUS   - Status packets (any packet not a Posit, or Msg, or Spcl 
   SPECIAL  - Acks, Queries, Pings, etc...

STARTUP:  APRS prompts new users for most important setup information.  But 
there are two additional commands necessary.  These are INPUT-MY-POSIT and 
INPUT-MY-STATUS.   See the INPUTS section further in this text.

APRS COMMANDS:  Most APRS commands are single keys which are active from 
all display pages.  The first Help page (F1-HELP), defines all command 
characters.  Many keys bring up additional command sub-menu's on the bottom 
of the screen.  Just hit the first letter of any command listed in the 
prompt.  In most prompts, the ENTER key will select the default choice or 
complete the prompt with no action.  If a mouse driver is loaded, the mouse 
can be used to move the cursor.  

The following section summarizes all of the TOP-LEVEL APRS command keys
(shown with F1-HELP).  First are the twelve major display screens accessed 
by their first letter:

SCREENS           DESCRIPTION
---------------   ------------------------------------------------------
L-LATEST STATUS - Latest STATUS beacon from each station
B-BULLETINS     - Bulletins posted by other stations
P-POSITIONS     - Position packets from all stations and objects
H-HEARD LOG     - Number of packets per hour per station
R-READ MSGS     - Displays your incomming and outgoing messages
T-TRAFFIC       - Last 23 lines of traffic heard between other stations
D-DIGIs USED    - Digi paths used by all stations (or DX message list)
A-ALL BCNS      - Chronological log of all beacons, messages (or DX spots)
V-VIEW          - Scrolling screen of all live packets
alt-T           - TELEMETRY screen for the MIM module (see TELEMTRY.txt)
SPACE BAR       - Displays the MAP of all stations and objects
Y-Yaxis         - A quasi-3D view of the map

MENUs          DESCRIPTION
------------   ---------------------------------------------------------
F1-HELP      - HELP Menu with several screens
C-CONTROLS   - For switching on/off many APRS control functions
F-FILE MENU  - For loading, saving, and/or replaying files
I-INPUT MENU - For inputing your POSIT, OBJECTS and DF bearings
M-MAP MENU   - For most MAP functinos
O-OPERATIONS - Various commands involved in communications and keyboard ops
W-WEATHER    - All commands dealing with entering and displaying weather

MESSAGE COMMANDS
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
R-READ MSGS  - Displays all incomming and outgoing messages
E-ERASE (TO) - Erase outgoing messages TO other stations
K-KILL (FROM)- Kill incomming lines FROM other stations
S-SEND       - Send a message line
T-TRAFFIC    - Display the latest 23 lines monitored between other stations
F2-REPLY     - Reply to the last incoming message

SPECIAL KEYS
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
G-GOTO ME/TRK- Moves cursor immediately to your stn or to the TRACKED stn
J-JUST ONE   - Will display Just one type of station
N-NEXT WX    - Will move cursor to the next WX stn and display condx
Q-QUIT       - Quit APRS.  Your POSIT will remain in your TNC BText
U-UNPROTO    - Used to set your UNPROTO path
X-XMT PKTS   - Transmits all or some of your outstanding packets

CURSOR and MAP KEYS
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
SPACE bar    - Redraws current map
Arrows       - Moves cursor.  SHIFT Arrows (white) moves 5 times faster
Home         - Homes the screen to the cursor location
PgDn/Up      - ZOOMs the display in/out.  CTRL-PgUp/Dn zooms by 8
End          - Moves map to your default location
1,3,5,7,9    - 1 gets default map.  3-9 reload maps saved in 3-9 keys
ENTER or +/- - Hook/Unhook (select) a station. +/- cycle through all stns
               Use < and > to cycle through only the stations on the screen
               (actually, use the "," and"." keys to avoid holding SHIFT.)

SPECIAL FUNCTIONS
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
TAB - Displays status of most CONTROLS and SETUP items
F1  - Help Menu with several screens
F2  - Reply to message.  Pre-loads CALL from last message received
F3/4- More or Fewer Lables on maps.  Also works with MAPS-BORDERS
F5  - Mark a FADE point during the Fade-circle DF technique
F6  - ZERO out your SPEED, so when you QRT, others will not DR you.
F7  - Toggle between 25 and 43 line text mode
F8  - In GPS/HSP mode will get and plot an immediate fix
F9  - Center map and scale to show ALL stations
F10 - DOZ mode. Disables all screen writes so works better in WINDOWS

ALTERNATE KEYS
------------------------------------------------------------------------
alt-S - SETUP menu and configuration save commands
alt-T - Telemetry screen.  See TELEMTRY.txt

MOUSE:  Only moves the cursor on the MAP and L/Plists.  See MOUSE.txt.


FURTHER DETAILS ABOUT DISPLAYS:  Each display can have up to 6 pages (96 
stations) with new stations added on the last page.  Beyond 96, old stations 
get bumped off the top of page 1.  PgUp and PgDn keys cycle through multiple 
pages.  Move the cursor and hit ENTER to select a single station and get
a prompt for a variety of actions.  Here are more detail descriptions:

  L - LATEST STATUS shows the latest STATUS packet from each station.  This
      screen is like a one-line broadcast message display.  In DX mode, this
      screen lists the latest command from all stations on your local cluster.

  B - BULLETINS  shows the latest 22 BULLETINS.  See SEND command.

  P - POSITIONS shows the latest POSITION packet from each station.  You may 
      select (HOOK) any station or object in this list for additional
      commands shown below.  See the section on OBJects.   Also the JUST ONE 
      command will display, print or save JUST one type of station at a time.
        Uplink - Uplink or quit uplinking that object
        Move   - Move it anywhere else on the map
        HOME   - Center the map on the object
        Delete - Deletes the object from your list
        Follow - Forces an OBJ to follow a purple path (APRSdr.exe only)
        Kill   - Kills your uplinked object on EVERYONE's screens! 
        Track  - Will keep the map centered on the TRACKED station
        Alarm  - Will cause alarms if the marked station moves
        Special- Marks the station for isolated display using JUST-SPECIAL

  H - HEARD LIST shows the number of packets per station per hour. 

  T - TRAFFIC screen shows the last 23 messages heard between other stns.
      In DX mode, also collects TALK messages between DX cluster users.

  D - DIGIPEATER PAGE shows the raw packet headers including the digi-
      peaters of stations on your LATEST list.  Proper use of digis is 
      very important for minimizing QRM on APRS nets.  A * in the left 
      column show stations heard DIRECT (maybe only once).  In DX mode, 
      the D screen accumulates the list of all ACTIVE DXcluster MESSAGES.

  A - ALL PACKETS display shows a chronological history of all packets
      including your own incoming and outgoing message lines.  Since 
      messages do not have a time of receipt appended to them, this 
      display is useful for seeing approximately when a message line 
      was received.  In DX mode, this screen accumulates all DX/WX/WWV 
      spots and announcements.

  F1- HELP gives a menu of several different pages of HELP including reading
      any of the README files.  Other HELP screens:

      DIGIS   - one screen on how to use APRS DIGIPEATERS
      FILES   - Read the README files on line (lots of them!)
      HELP    - List of all APRS Commands
      INFO    - Additional helpful info
      NEW     - New-user simplified help screen
      SYMBOLS - Shows all APRS symbols
      VALID   - How to validate your copy of APRS

OBJECTS: APRS displays two types of symbols on its maps.  The station ICON of
each APRS station or TNC and any OBJECTS placed on the map by any station
using the INPUT-ADD command.  Once on the screen, the object is listed in 
the P-list with a (+) symbol.  This means it will be transmitted by your 
station.  You can stop UPLINKING each object by hooking it on the P-list and 
toggle the U key.  Un-validated users are limited to uplinking only one 
object.  If you delete the object from your screen, or toggled off the 
UPLINK, it still remains on all screens in the network until each individual 
operator deletes it.  To remove it from all screens, you can kill an OBJECT 
instead of deleting it.  Your station will continue to transmit the object, 
but with a special KILL mark on it.  It will disappear from all maps, but it 
will REMAIN in everyone's PList.  If an object has not been updated in over 
two hours, it fades to a dark gray color.


MAP SYMBOL COLORS:  Several colors are used to differentiate the status of
each station or object on the MAP display:
           WHITE  - Active APRS stations on line 
           GRAY   - TNC-only posit with no APRS message capability
           YELLOW - Objects that you are reporting (uplinking)
           VIOLET - Objects uplinked by other stations 
           DARK   - Positions older than 2 hours 
           GREEN  - WIDE-RELAY digipeaters
           BLUE   - Weather stations
           CYAN   - Dead Reckoned positions

MAP COMMANDS AND FUNCTIONS:  These are display commands but there is a 
complete MAPS menu of additional display options.

  SPACE  - Re-displays the current map and resets all display defaults.
  
  JUST   - Selects subsets of symbols to be displayed. JUST SPECIAL 
           displays only the objects marked special on the P-list.  
           JUST CALLS displays all objects but only the calls
           of those marked SPECIAL.  Just PRINT will print all of 
           a selected subset of objects to the printer.

  ESC    - Escapes the cursor from never-never land to the screen center

  1,3,5,9- Map memories for saving particular maps of interest to you.  
           Use the MAP-SAVE command and one of these keys to recall any 
           saved map.  The 1 key always has the USA map.
           Save a CONFIG file to make these permanent.

  F9     - CENTER ALL CONTACTS.  Chooses a map to display ALL objects.
  
  HOOK   - Hook is a Navy term for selecting an object on a radar screen.
           Use ENTER to hook an object at the cursor.  To step through all
           stations, use the +/- keys.  Move the hooked station by moving 
           the cursor to the new location and hitting the INSERT key or it 
           can be removed using the DELETE key.  To prevent inadvertent 
           movement of objects, a second ENTER key UNHOOKS.  Use the <> 
           keys to cycle through all stations on the current map.
  
  INSERT - Relocates a HOOKED object on the screen.

  
DEAD RECKONING:  For moving stations, APRS draws a small gray anchor circle 
at the last posit, and then dead-reckons the light blue symbol ahead to the 
estimated position.  Defeat this with CONTROLS-DR.  To hook a dead reckoned 
station, hook the anchor circle, not the symbol itself.  There is also a 
separate program called APRSdr.exe which can dead reckon objects around a 
known course.  This is very useful for tracking known events such as
runners in a marathon.  See DR.txt.  If DR'ing is messing up, then your PC
clock is not sync'ed to GPS time.  Hit alt-S-GPS-TIME command and your PC
MINUTES will be sync'ed to the next raw GPS posit that comes in...


MAP MENU COMMANDS:  The following commands pertain to special functions
regarding the map display.

  C - CHANGE-MAPLIST:  This is the most important map command for a new 
      user.  It allows you to chose the MAPLIST.xxx for your area.  APRS 
      uses this list to select each map based on your cursor location.
      Currently APRS is distributed as EASt, SEast, MIDwest, CENtral,WESt 
      NEAngland and EURopean versions.  The default MAPLIST.USA only points 
      to major US and regional maps.  NOTE: When you use this command, 
      the cursor will move to the center of the selected MAPLIST.xxx area.  
      If you want to return the cursor to your current map screen, use 
      the ESC key which always returns the cursor to the center of the 
      current display.
      
  F - Toggle Features on/off such as Boundaries, Headings, Roads, Calls, 
      Waterways, etc.  ALL features can also be turned on/off at once.  
      This is useful for slow 8088 PCs where turning off all features 
      still shows the relative positions of stations but without taking 
      the 20 seconds required to draw all the map features.

  H - Hierarchy:  This is an improvement on the BORDERS command since it
      colors in the maps in the same sequence as they are listed in the
      MAPLIST.xxx file.  The overlapping colors show the effect of the
      sequence of this list.  Look carefully and you can figure out
      overlap and out-of-order problems.

  L - Locks the current map to defeat the normal APRS auto-map selection.
      Useful to avoid interrupting your current map if your cursor gets over
      on another map during a special event.

  O - OVERLAYS  Overlays many data files over the current map:
      DIGIS     Overlays allAPRS digis and their ranges.
      GATES     Overlays all known HF gates
      NWS       Overlays the locations of all National WX sites.
      PREVIOUS  Overlays previous (larger) map
      OTHER     Overlays any other file in the XXXX.POS format

  P - PLOTS.  Select from a number of different plots:
      Borders - Shows borders of all MAPS in the MAPLIST.xxx file.  You
                must use F3/F4 to select the size maps to display.  If a 
                map border appears, but the map does not come up as you zoom 
                in, then the MAP file is listed too early in the MAPLIST 
                and a later map overlaps its area.  If the map is missing, 
                APRS will BEEP.  If the Map file exists but its border does 
                not show up, then the file is not listed in the MAPLIST.xxx 
                file. 

      CAPgrid - Overlays Civil Air Patrol search-and-rescue grids
      GdSquare- Displays Maidenhead grid squares

      POWER   - Displays range rings around stations showing an estimate 
                of their radio horizon based on their transmitter power, 
                height above average terrain, antenna gain and favored 
                direction.  Defaults for non reporting stations are 
                10 watts, 20 feet, and 3dB gain, omni.

      RANGE   - Displays Range Rings at 1, 3/4, 1/2 and 1/4 of the given
                range scale.  The great circle range and bearing from the 
                center to the position of the cursor is also shown.

      TRAFFIC  - Draws lines on the map between all stations sending msgs

      DFmenu   - Selects from the following DF displays:
                 
                 OMNI - Displays Signal strength rings around stations 
                 reporting sig-strength on a fox/jammer.  Stronger sigs 
                 are brighter red and null reports are black circles.

                 HEARD - Displays only DF stations reporting signal strength
                 on a hidden transmitter.  See NOT-HEARD

                 NOT-HEARD- Displays DF stations reporting NO signal on the 
                 fox.  These HEARD & NOT-HEARD commands are needed on B/W
                 displays where color cannot distinguish the DF plots.
                 

MESSAGES:  There are three types of messages in APRS.  The first is
simply your one-line STATUS beacon.   New STATUS packets are highlighted
in green at the bottom of all screens to show a change in status and are
added to the ALL and LATEST lists.  These STATUS beacons are perfect for 
alerting the net to your current status.  Secondly, APRS implements a one 
line message capability between operators.  Each line is ACKed when 
received by the other station.  Multiple lines can be buffered up for 
eventual delivery.  Finally, any station can send important multi-line 
BULLETINs to all stations.  See BULLETINS page and the SEND command.

MESSAGE COMMANDS:

  B - Displays current Bulletins.  To erase old bulletins, use alt-E.  
      Active bulletins will re-appear if a station is still sending them.

  R - READ MESSAGES - Displays the status of your incoming and outgoing
      messages.  Automatically appears when anything changes.
  
  K - KILL incoming message lines.  K key kills one line at a time.

  E - ERASE one outgoing line at a time.  Erases *ACKed* messages first, 
      then other lines, then finally it erases outgoing BLN lines.

  T - TRAFFIC - Displays the last 23 lines of message traffic monitored
      between other stations.

  S - SEND MESSAGE - Pre-loads the call of the last station you sent to.
      Enter a new call for a new station.  To abort, just hit ENTER.  If 
      you have hooked a station, then that stations CALL will be pre-loaded.
      You may send a message to any other APRS callsign.  But there are
      three special reserved calls as follows:
         BLN# - Sends a temporary Bulletin where # is the line number 0-9.
                The retransmission period will decay for 20 mins and stop.
         BLN@ - Sends a permanent Bltn where @ is the letters A-Z.  The
                retransmission period will decay to 20 minutes and stay.
         LOG  - Is not transmitted, but is recorded on the ALL and LOG
         MSG  - Is not transmitted.  Used to pre-store canned messages
                for single finger replying.  See COPY below. 

  F2- For REPLYING.  F2 pre-loads the callsign of the last msg received.
  
  MAPS-PLOTS-TRACE - This command will draw lines between stations on 
      the map who are exchanging messages.

  COPY - For single key ops while mobile, you may copy a previous message 
      to a new station by entering a single digit line number instead of 
      message text.  The nth outgoing message will be copied to the SEND
      line.  You may add additional text or hit ENTER.  You can pre-load 
      "canned" messages addressed to MSG which will NOT be transmitted, 
      but are available for copying to new messages.  This makes it easy 
      to reply to messages while mobile with only 3 key strokes; F2, then 
      the message number, then ENTER...

  VIA - You can separately route a message via a different digi path than 
      your normal APRS UNPROTO path by placing a /XX on the end of the TO
      call.  APRS will then attempt to use that two letter DIGIpath for
      that message line.  See OPS-DIGI command.  This alt-path will get
      your message out, but remember that any incomming messages TO YOU
      will only get ACKS via your normal UNPROTO default path.  See 
      TROUBLE.txt under NO-ACKS.

      NOTE: The channel effeciency of APRS TALK messages are no better than
      normal connected packets since they also require ACK's.  Intense
      real-time rag-chews on a busy APRS frequency should be done without
      digipeaters or with only the exact path specified;  See the OPS-DIGI
      command below, for a shortcut for rapidly changing your digi path.
      The more effecient way to keyboard is to just use the OPS-COMM command
      and use your TNC to connect to the other station using normal packet
      over the most direct path.  The other operator MUST be at his keyboard, 
      though, because APRS will time-out, erase his screen, and dump him 
      back into APRS after 3 minutes of inactivity.
  
  ACKS:  When your MSG is acknowledged, the word *ACK* will be over printed 
      on the outgoing MSG line.  Unlike normal packet, APRS does not compute 
      the return path for an ACK.  Each station must set his outgoing VIA 
      path so that his packets (including ACKs) get back to all stations in 
      the net.  On the 2nd DUPE of an incoming message, APRS will warn you 
      that the other station is probably not getting your ACKS!  APRS
      will then wait 30 seconds and repeat the latest ACK once to provide a
      better throughput on poor (HF and multi-digipeater) paths.


FILES MENU: This menu has all commands dealing with files.

  A - APPEND - This will permit you to load a BACKUP file without losing
      all the stations that are already in your P and L lists.  If the same
      calls are in the appended file as are already in memory, there will
      be numerous dupes that should be manually deleted.  Also, APPEND does
      not append any LOG or WHEN-HEARD data.

  D - DOS Shell - You must be in the APRS directory before you EXIT back.

  L - LOADs a backup file.  The file named BACKUP which is saved every time
      you quit APRS, can be reloaded with just the initial B.  I save a
      different file for each packet frequency that I monitor.  

  O - ORDER (SORT) THE L and P LISTs - Moves older stations towards page 
      1 of each list, and the most recent stations to the end.  This is 
      useful when the lists begin to fill, so that older stations will
      be scrolled off to make room for new stations at the end.

  P - PRINT - Toggles the logging printer on/off.  Each new STATUS, MSG
      BLTN or WX data will be scrolled to the printer on LPT1.  All dupes 
      have been removed.

  S - SAVE the current situation in a file.  If any filename other than 
      the BACKUP default is entered, then APRS will also automatically 
      save a LOG and Track HIStory file.  If you select NONE as a file 
      name, then nothing will be saved.  This keeps you from writing a 
      new BACKUP file over an older one if needed.

  R - REPLAY.  Allows you to replay track history files of past events
      or any of the automatically saved track histories after they have
      been saved from memory.  See details under TRACK HISTOREIS in this
      file, or in the overall APRS.DOC file. ALthough only .HST files 
      are shown, you can also replay .BK files from the BAKS directory
      by just adding the .BK extension.


OPERATIONS MENU:

  C - COMMS - This commmand allows you to disable APRS and talk straight
      through to your TNC or GPS/WX/DF COMM port.  Use it to establish a
      direct CONNECTION.  This is useful for connecting to another APRS
      station's internal TNC mailbox to leave a message if he is not on line
      with APRS.  Do NOT use this for sending traffic, because if there is 
      no operator present at the receiving station, it will time out in 
      3 minutes, and all the packets that you sent him will disappear as
      APRS re-takes control.  Also permits you to monitor your other COM 
      port hooked up to GPS or WX.  The F8 key will toggle your HSP 
      switch for looking at the output of your GPS.

  D - DIGIPEATER PATHS -  Save up to 12 different paths for rapid recall
      using only the two letter path abbreviation.  There are four other
      single letter comands.  S-Save allows you to enter a new TWO letter 
      path name followed by VIA and a list of digipeaters.  The L key will 
      display a list of already saved paths.  The A-ALTernate command will 
      allow you to set up an alternate path for your posits and status as 
      some percentage of your normal UNPROTO path.  The ALTpath and percent-
      age are shown on the CONTROLS status line (TAB).  All of these options 
      allow you to tailor your path
      for your immediatel operational needs.  When you are in QSO with one 
      station in particular, use OPS-DIGI-xx to choose the minimum path (xx) 
      to that station to minimize QRM on the channel.  Also these path names
      can be used to specificaly route individual SEND message lines.  Use
      this feature with discretion, since APRS must allow at least 5 seconds
      to change the path each time it transmits...  

  F - FIND - This command allows you to find a callsign or a gridsquare.  If
      you enter the first character as a [, then APRS will asume the entry is
      for a grid square.  This command works on the MAP, and P and L lists.

  Q - QUERY - This command allows you to Query the net.  A general query
      asks all stations to respond with all of their STATUS, POSITS,
      OBJECTS, and MESSAGES sometime in the next 2 minutes.  This command 
      is AUTOMATICALLY sent when a NEWUSER starts APRS but it is not sent 
      for registered users with a CONFIG file to cut down QRM.  You may 
      use your cursor to indicate the location and specify a range radius 
      for your Query.  You can Query individual packets from another station 
      and even ask who he hears direct and what his heard log looks like for
      another station.

  P - PING -  Sends out a ping packet.  If the packet is digipeated by your
      selected VIA path, you will see it monitored on the bottom line of
      your display.  This lets you know that your station is transmitting
      and that the digipeater in your selected VIA path responded.

  S - SetRadar - This sets a collision avoidance range.  If any station
      penetrates that range, then an alarm will sound.  Clear the alarm
      by either hooking the station on the MAP or on the P-List.

  U - UNPROTO  Used to set up your outgoing digipeater path. (IMPORTANT!)
      If you have not selected a digipeater that covers your APRS net, then
      your packets and acks will never get to the other stations on freq
      even though you see them fine.  YOU MUST SET YOUR VIA PATH TO COVER
      your intended APRS AREA by selecting an appropriate digipeater path!
      APRS will warn you if another station does not appear to be getting
      your message ACKs.  Use the OPS-DIGI command to save favorite,
      frequently used paths.


INPUTS MENU:  Lets you enter your own POSITION and STATUS as well as to ADD 
objects to the map.  In some of these commands, you are prompted for the 
LAT/LONG of the object.  APRS pre-loads this prompt with the LAT/LONG of 
the cursor.  If that position is correct, just hit ENTER.  TO change these 
values, just type in a new value using as few characters as are needed to 
give the resolution you need.  But you MUST always type the required 
LEADING ZEROS in longitudes below 100 deg.

  A - ADD a new object to the screen at the current cursor location.  You
      are prompted for all pertinent information.  There are over 50 symbols
      that can be used to display the object.  Use the F1-SYMBOLS command to
      see the symbols available.

  D - DIRECTION FINDING:  This command allows you to enter a beam heading or
      a signal strength report for your own station during direction finding
      events.  A zero (0) bearing indicates a signal strength report.
      Use 360 degrees for North.

  M - MYdata:  This command lets you enter three items:
        
        POSIT:   Selects the current cursor position for your location.  
        STATUS:  THis is your current status
        HEADING: Updates your current heading (useful when stopped)

  P - POWER:  Used to enter your transmitter power, height above average 
      terain, antenna gain, and directivity for plotting your radio range.
      
  S - SAVE:  This command saves a copy of your present posit as an OBJect.
      This is useful for marking special locations while you drive such
      as DF fixes.

  U - UPLINK:  Identical to the SAVE command, but the object is marked for
      uplinking to the net.

CONTROLS:  The C command displays the control panel at the bottom of the
screen.  This two line panel shows the status of both the SETUP and the
CONTROLS.  The CONTROLS functions toggle on/off various functions, and show
your validation status and your VIA path.  Items in lower case are OFF and
upper case are ON.  Use the TAB key to get this display:

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 VAL | TNC | Scrnsvr | 15 | GFL| JUNK | 30/600 |dgps| RELAY |XX50| USA |BEEP|
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 XMT | LOG | UP | DR | cw | PFL| BCNS |  VHF   |FADE| VIA DIGI-1,DIGI-2        |
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------

  B - BANDS.  Select HF, VHF or 2-port for KAM's.  In 2 port mode, the VHF or
      HF is still the primary band, but a duplicate of all transmissions is
      made on the other band.  For non-dual port TNC's, this command still
      sets up the proper HF or VHF unproto paths and timing.  For KAM's the
      MYAlias is set to ECHO/RELAY 

  D - Dead Reckoning ON/OFF

  F - FILTERS.  Toggle on/off various filters on the data:
      
      BCNS  - Normaly APRS only monitors UI BEACONS
      DX    - Selects frequency bands for DXcluster mode
      OTHER - With OTHER set on, then APRS looks at ALL packets
      FADE  - on/off the fade-to-gray for contacts over 2 hours old.  
              When reloading backup files of past events, FADE is turned
              OFF, but after 2 hours, FADE will automatically come back on.
      GDinTO- Parses all packets for possible GridSq in the TO address
              This filter is always set in MScat, SPACE and GdSq modes
      HF    - Ignores all packets from HF with GATE in their unproto path
      JUNK  - Will not display any packet on the 25th line that has
              embedded control characters.  THis keeps the map from scrolling
              on junk from BBS's and NODES.  But it slows processging, since
              every single character must be checked.
      POSITIONS - This filter is normally ON to ignore the random 100 yd
              error introduced by GPS.  Any posit within +/- of .04 minutes
              is NOT saved to the log file.  If the filter is OFF, then all
              new posits are logged except for EXACT dupes.
              
      ALSO when the 80 yard filter is off, this ENABLES the automatic saves
      of all WX and DF reports to the HST files which is useful for later
      trend analysis.

  G - LOG toggles on and off the automatic logging of track histories to
      file.  Default is OFF to keep from filling up your LOGS directory.
      When ON, and after 150 position reports, a file is automatically saved 
      and memory is cleared for further accumulation.  If off, the 150 
      reports are retained in memory until you QUIT.

  M - METRIC.  This command toggles between METRIC display of speeds in KPH
      and temperature in CENTIGRADE.
      
  U - UPLINK ENABLE - When on, your objects marked for uplinking, will be
      uplinked to all stations in the net.

  X - XMT ON/OFF - disables routine transmitting from your station. Useful 
      for stations not actively participating in an event.  Even if XMT is 
      off, however, you can still send packets with the X command and your 
      station will still ACK incoming messages.

  W - CW - If CW is on, then ALL NEW STATUS beacons will be sounded in CW.  
      In DX mode, CW is always on, although it can be silenced with the 
      CONTROLS-CW commands.  If FREQS is turned on, then the operating 
      frequency as well as the callsign will be sounded out in DX mode.  
      The CW speed defaults to 15 WPM.  Other CW functions:

      E-Enable   D-Disable   F-FREQs on   S-Speed   T-Test

      
ALT-SETUP MENU:

The SETUP menu (alt-S) has several commands plus four major sub-menus,
GPS, MODES, FORMATS and OTHER.  The status of many of the SETUP options are 
displayed as the top line of the CONTROLS panel:

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 VAL | TNC | Scrnsvr | 15 | GFL| JUNK | 30/600 |dgps| MYA RELAY  | APR |BEEP|
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 XMT | LOG | UP | DR | cw | PFL| BCNS |  VHF   |FADE| VIA DIGI-1,DIGI-2        |
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------

  P - POSrate - This command is used to set both the on-screen and on-air
      periodicity for WX, DF and GPS reports.  The Refresh rate sets
      how often the interface is sampled just to update the data on your
      screen, and the POSrate value determines how often it is transmitted.

  S - SAVE CONFIG FILE -  Saves your total configuration including the 
      present map display.  You will be prompted for your Validation number 
      the first time only.  If you have chosen any of the GPS, DF or WX 
      options, you will also be prompted for your auxilliary registration 
      number as well.  You can save each CFIG file with an optional 3 
      character file extension so that you can call them up quickly for 
      different applications at the DOS prompt.  You invoke the optional 
      files with a /XXX switch when start APRS from dos.  
      
      IE:  C:> APRS77/MOB would load the CFIG406.MOB file
      which you saved when you operated MOBile.  etc

  T - TNCsetup - sends out TNC commands to setup the TNC for APRS.  Usually
      initialized when you start, but can be done at any time, if your TNC
      loses power, or needs to be reset to APRS defaults.  These commands
      may be customized for  your TNC in the InitTAPR.TNC or InitAEA.TNC
      SYSTEM files.  When you QUIT APRS, it restores any custom commands
      that you might list in RESTORE.TNC file.
  

SETUP-GPS MENU

  ARNAV     - Configures HSP or SPM mode for ARNAV aircraft data format
              or for receiving ARNAV reports over the air.
  SPM       - Single Port Mode (See GPS.txt)
  HSP       - Hardware single port mode (see GPS.txt)  
  DFSP      - DF Single Port mode is IN THE OTHER MENU.  No room for it hr
  KLYNAS    - Sets up APRS to work with STREETS-ON-DISK (Klynas Engineering)
  NMEA      - Toggles on the saving of all NMEA data to a LOGS\NMEAxxx file
  OFFGPS    - Used to toggle off SPM or HSP without having to restart APRS.
  PLOT      _ Shows an AZ-EL plot of GPS satellites and signal strength
  TIME-SYNC - Sync's PC clock to the next GPS report received.  This
     command only sync's to the MINUTE.  Hours are not matched.  Be careful,
     since stand-alone PACCOMM TNC trackers first store the GPS data and then
     later transmit it based on an internal timer, the actual GPS data
     transmitted may not be real-time.  This is true if the GPS loses lock or
     becomes inoperative, (car parked under a tree)  then the TNC continues to
     send the same "old" fix.  If you sync to one of these, you are syncing to
     "old" time!

SETUP-OTHER MENU:

      B - BEEPS Toggles nuisance BEEPS (and CW in DX mode) on and off.
      D - DFSP Toggles on and off the DF single port mode
      L - LOCK toggles.  Prevents un authorized keyboard access to
          SEND, ERASE, KILL, INPUT-ADD and WX-ENTER commands
      M - MAGnetic Variation.  Set for your area if you will be using
          magnetic DF bearings or headings.
      S - SCREENSAVER toggles on/off
      Z - ZONE, allows you to change  your timezone offset
      G - GAME mode.  For playing chess.  Modifies APRS as follows:
          * all packets are addressed to GAME instead of APRS 
          * Only your LAST object is UPLINKED
          * The HOOK-INS key bypasses all normal OBJ prompts
          * The comment field of an uplinked object contains the move #
          * Parses received GAME objects for a move number
          * The move number is displayed on the map display

SETUP-MODES MENU:
      
      N - alt-NET mode.  Allows a special function net to operate on the 
      APRS frequency with other stations, but WITHOUT their packets
      cluttering up everyone elses screens.  Anyone can monitor an ALTNET
      by selecting this mode, OR by using the CONTROLS-FILTERS-OTHER
      command to enable monitoring of all packets on frequency.  The alt-
      NET command modifies APRS as follows:
          * Causes APRS to send packets to ALTNET vice APRS
          * ONLY looks for ALTNET packets on receive

      D - DX mode - Sets up APRS to display information for DX cluster
      users.  See DX.txt.

      P - PSEUDO-DIFFERENTIAL CORRECTION.  For FIXED stations.  With this 
      on, a small PDC window will appear on the map showing the offset 
      between your known posit and your instantaneous GPS posit.  This '
      offset is subtracted from ALL posits received over the air in real
      time. If the error is greater than 100 yards, then the offset is
      NOT applied, but a WARNING is posted.
      
      S - Special.   Sets up a special event net on a common APRS frequency
      so that the special event members only see each other without
      being bothered by other traffic on the channel.  All other APRS
      users, however, DO see all traffic of the special event.  This mode
      modifies APRS as follows:
          * Sets your transmit address to SPCL vice APRS
          * Sets your APRS to ignore all packets EXCEPT those to SPCL.  
          * Note, normal APRS always sees APRS AND SPCL packets.

      M - MASTER.  Sets up your PC to NO LONGER ignore its OWN packets.
      This is needed if several other PC's (SLAVES using the same call)
      are all hooked up to the same TNC.  A very powerful tool for use
      in a multi-PC environment.  See OPS.txt.

      V - slaVe.  Sets up your PC for slave mode so that multiple slave
      PCs can share a single TNC and radio such as in an EOC.  See OPS.txt

SETUP-FORMATS MENU:
      
      A - AMTOR.  Sets up for receiving AMTOR formated APRS reports
          (not fully implemented for transmit yet)
      
      G - GRID-IN-TO.  Same as used in SPACS and MScatter modes. Useful
          for shortening packet on HF.
      
      S - SPACE.  Sets up for sending and recording minimum length GdSq
      position reports via SAREX.  See SPACE.txt

      M - Meteor scatter.  Sets up for sending minimum length GdSq reports
      at a MAXIMUM transmit duty cycle.  See METEOR.txt

      N - Normal APRS.  Prompts you for a new Status beacon.


WEATHER COMMANDS:  APRS displays weather stations as blue circles with
a white line showing the wind speed and direction.  APRS uses 360 degs 
for North and 000 means no direction information is available.  Under the 
CONTROLs menu, the FILTER command can disable the POSITION FILTER so that 
WX reports will be saved to track history files for trend analysis.  N is
a main APRS WX hot key and the other WX commands are in WEATHER MENU:

  N - NEXT WX hot key.  Highlights the next WX station in turn with a
      circle and shows the WX conditions at the top of the screen.  These
      conditions will be updated on new incoming reports.
  
  A - ALARMS - Set alarm values on Wind, High and Low temps  and rain.  If 
      a WX report exceeds these values within the range of your station, 
      the station is marked on the map in RED and the screen is re-centered 
      to that location.  An alarm BEEPS and the station is also marked with 
      an ALARM on the P-list.  To silence the alarm, either hook/un-hook 
      the reporting station on the map (ENTER-ENTER), or use the WX-ALARM-
      CLEAR command.  If your own station has the automatic WX interface, 
      and your conditions exceed your alarm limits, then your WX reporting 
      period is reset to the minimum POSrate value, for more frequent 
      reporting.

  D - DISPLAYS - Allows you to select TEMPS, WIND, RAIN or BARO pressure
      to show up on the maps instead of the station CALLSIGN.  ALso lets
      you select JUST-WX-ALWAYS to lock in ONLY WX stations displays.  
      NWS allows you to toggle many of the APRS symbols between the 
      original APRS graphics and the formal NWS symbols.

  E - Enter a manual weather report. (Will be transmitted for only 30 mins)

  N - NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE SITES - This command overlays the map with
      all of the nearby NWS sites.  You may either make this temporary
      or add them to the P-LIST.  See next command.
      
  L - LOAD-NWS-DATA from a designated file for NWS hourly weather 
      advisories for each NWS station listed in both the data file and 
      already in your P-list.  

  Q - WEATHER QUERY - Same as QUERY, but only weather stations respond.


TRACKING and TRACK HISTORIES - All position reports are saved to memory and
eventually to file for subsequent replay.  Each new position report is checked
against the last position from that unit and the current values.  If the
POSITION filter is ON (default) then a new position will not be saved to
track history unless movement is more than about 80 yards.  This is to reduce
the number of track points for non-moving stations saved in the file.  The 80
yard circle allows for most of the randomness of GPS Selective Availability
so that parked vehicles do not generate a lot of packets.  If the filter is
OFF, then only a single digit change in a position will generate a new
position report.  ALso, when the filter is off, ALL WX and DF reports are
saved to file.  This makes it possible to save a DF event, or to keep
historical WX data.  There are several commands related to station tracking:

   T - TRACK - a subcommand on the P-list display which allows you to
       designate a station for tracking.  If TRACK is on, then the map will
       always re-center on the selected station whenever it approaches a map
       edge.  This re-centering anticipates the station's movements and
       recenter's the map to give the best next view.

   A - ALARM - a subcommand on the P-list which allows you to set an alarm 
       on a station.  If that station moves, APRS will beep and re-center 
       the map to track that station.  The same filter as used on the P-list 
       is also used here so that the randomness of Selective Availability 
       does not unnecessarily trigger this alarm.  You can silence
       the beeping by UNHOOKING the station, or by deselecting the ALARM
       function.  This alarm is also used as a marker on any WX station 
       reporting conditions exceeding your preset alarm values.  But since 
       the WX station does not move, the Alarm will not go off again, 
       unless the WX station moves!

   M - MOVE - A subcommand on the P list for moving a station.  Similar to
       just hooking it with the ENTER key, but is the only way to move an
       object or station with 00000/00000  for LAT/LONG.

   S - SAVE FILES - On the FILES MENU, this command forces a save of a BACKUP
       a BLxxxxxx,LOG and a TKxxxxxx.HST file.  If you are in the field, and
       may possibly lose power, do a SAVE now and then, to be sure you save
       all track histories.  After the event, you can use a DOS text editor
       to append all the track history files together for the one event.
       When you Quit APRS, ONLY a Backup file is saved, the LOG and TRACK
       data are LOST!  If, however, you give the BACKUP file any OTHER name,
       then a LOG and TK.HST file ARE saved when you quit.

   REPLAY - Found in both the FILES and OPERATIONS MENUS.  Track histories are
       retained in memory for instant replay up to 150 points.  When memory is
       full, a file is automatically saved and memory cleared for more points.
       If less than 150 points are in memory, you MUST MANUALLY force a save
       BEFORE exiting the program or the track history points in memory will
       be lost!  During Replay several commands are useful to center the
       screen on the moving object, change the speed of replay and zoom in or
       out, etc.  The map will AUTOTRACK a moving station if only one station
       is indicated in the user response to the TRACK-which-station prompt.


DIRECTION FINDING:  APRS can instantly traingulate fixes from many reporting
packet stations, and even show overlapping signal strength contours from
stations with OMNI antennas.  This new OMNI feature is a tremendous advantage,
since it permits EVERYONE even without any DF equipment to participate in FOX 
hunts.  APRS has serial interfaces for the Agrelo DFjr, the N7LUE Roanoak, 
or the DSI Doppler unit, or it can accept manual bearings from other stations. 
Even voice reported beam headings can be placed on the map by anyone using 
the INPUT-ADD command and selecting the DF station symbol.  Note that APRS 
uses 360 degrees as North and assumes 000 means no direction information 
is available.  A quality of 8 indicates an excellent fix.  The main DF 
command is in the INPUTS menu.  For more info, see DF.txt.

   SIGNAL STRENGTH - Entering 0 as a beam heading (APRS uses 360 for north), 
       will indicate that the report is a signal strength report and will 
       prompt you for your antenna height above average terrain and antenna 
       gain.  To see the signal strength contours on the map, use the MAP-
       PLOTS-DF command.  APRS will plot colored circles around each DF 
       report with a brightness and a radius proportional to signal strength. 
       Note that you MUST UNDERSTAND what HEIGHT-ABOVE-AVERAGE-TERRAIN means, 
       for this to be useful.  If you are getting voice reports, be sure the
       person is giving a true assessment of his HAAT in the general area.
       Or at least in the general direction where the FOX is suspected.

   BEARING - If you enter any other bearing, APRS will prompt you for the
       quality of the fix, and then will plot the bearing from your station.
       heading for your station.  If you are running the WX station option,
       it will be dissabled while the DF report is operative.  You may also
       specify a Quality factor 1-8.  The more dotted the line is, the less
       its quality.

   FADE-CIRCLE TECHNIQUE - This is a technique used by search and rescue
       pilots.  It assumes that for a given receiver, there is a unique 
       circle around the transmitter where the signal fades out.  If the
       receiver can fly to several points where the signal just fades in
       or out, then these points define a circle with the transmitter at 
       the center!  APRS implements this technique with single keystroke 
       operations.  Each time you press F5, a Fade point is entered on the 
       map.

