06700
 \\Will eat\\ (\\nomn hexei\\). "Will have (future active of \\ech\\)
 pasturage or increase" (\\nom\\, old word from \\nem\\, to pasture, in
 N.T. only here and
 # Joh 10:9
 \\As doth gangrene\\ (\\hs gaggraina\\). Late word (medical writers and
 Plutarch), only here in N.T. From \\gra\\ or \\grain\\, to gnaw, to
 eat, an eating, spreading disease. Hymenaeus is probably the one
 mentioned in
 # 1Ti 1:20
 Nothing is known of Philetus.

06701
 \\Men who\\ (\\hoitines\\). "The very ones who." \\Have erred\\
 (\\stochsan\\). "Missed the mark." First aorist active indicative
 of \\astoche\\, for which see
 # 1Ti 1:6; 6:21
 \\That the resurrection is past already\\ (\\anastasin d gegonenai\\).
 Second perfect active infinitive of \\ginomai\\ in indirect assertion
 after \\legontes\\ (saying) with the accusative of general reference
 (\\anastasin\\). \\Overthrow\\ (\\anatrepousin\\). See
 # Tit 1:11

06702
 \\Howbeit\\ (\\mentoi\\). Strong adversative, "however." \\Firm\\ (\\stereos\\).
 Old adjective, solid, compact, in N.T. only here,
 # 1Pe 5:9; Heb 5:12,14
 See \\sterema\\ in
 # Col 2:5
 For \\themelios\\ see
 # 1Co 3:11; Rom 15:20; 1Ti 6:19
 Cf. \\hedraima\\ in
 # 1Ti 3:15
 \\Seal\\ (\\sphragis\\). See
 # 1Co 9:2; Ro 4:11
 \\Knoweth\\ (\\egn\\). Timeless aorist active indicative of \\ginsk\\.
 Quotation from
 # Nu 16:5
 \\Let every one depart\\ (\\apostt ps\\). Paraphrase of
 # Nu 16:27; Isa 26:13; 52:11; Jer 20:9
 Second aorist active imperative of \\aphistmi\\ (intransitive use),
 "Let every one stand off from." Probably another echo of the
 rebellion of Korah.

06703
 \\In a great house\\ (\\en megali oikii\\). Metaphor of a palace. He
 doubtless has the Kingdom of God in mind, but he works out the
 metaphor of a great house of the rich and mighty. \\Vessels\\
 (\\skeu\\). Old word \\skeuos\\. See
 # Ro 9:21
 for the same double use as here. \\Of gold\\ (\\chrus\\). Old contracted
 adjective \\chruseos\\, only here by Paul. \\Of silver\\ (\\argur\\). Old
 contracted adjective \\argureos\\, in N.T. here,
 # Ac 19:24; Re 9:20
 \\Of wood\\ (\\xulina\\). Old adjective, in N.T. only here and
 # Re 9:20
 \\Of earth\\ (\\ostrakina\\). Late adjective, from \\ostrakon\\, baked clay,
 in LXX, in N.T. only here and
 # 2Co 4:7

06704
 \\If a man purge himself\\ (\\ean tis ekkathari\\). Paul drops the
 metaphor of the house and takes up the individual as one of the
 "vessels." Condition of third class with first aorist active
 subjunctive of \\ekkathair\\, old verb, to cleanse out, in LXX, in
 N.T. only here and
 # 1Co 5:7
 \\From these\\ (\\apo toutn\\). From the vessels for dishonour of verse
 # 20
 \\Sanctified\\ (\\hgiasmenon\\). Perfect passive participle of \\hagiaz\\,
 for which verb see
 # 1Co 6:11
 \\Meet for the master's use\\ (\\euchrston ti despoti\\). Dative case
 \\despoti\\ (for which word see
 # 1Ti 6:1
 with \\euchrston\\, neuter singular like \\hgiasmenon\\ agreeing with
 \\skeuos\\. Old verbal adjective (\\eu\\ and \\chraomai\\, to use well),
 useful or usable for the master. In N.T. only here and
 # 4:11
 See \\achrston\\ in
 # Phm 11
 \\Prepared\\ (\\htoimasmenon\\). Perfect passive participle of
 \\hetoimaz\\, in a state of readiness, old and common word,
 elsewhere by Paul only
 # 1Co 2:9
 (LXX).

06705
 \\Youthful\\ (\\neterikas\\). Literary _Koin_ word (Polybius,
 Josephus), only here in N.T. There are lusts peculiar to flaming
 youth. \\Flee\\ (\\pheuge\\). Present active imperative of \\pheug\\, old
 and common verb. In this sense see
 # 1Co 6:18
 \\Follow after\\ (\\dike\\). Present active imperative of \\dik\\ as if in
 a chase for which sense see
 # 1Th 5:15
 Steady pursuit of these virtues like those in
 # Ga 5:22
 \\Call on the Lord\\ (\\epikaloumenon ton kurion\\). See
 # 1Co 1:2; Ro 10:12-14

06706
 \\Ignorant\\ (\\apaideutous\\). Old verbal, here only in N.T. (\\a\\
 privative and \\paideu\\). Untrained, uneducated, "speculations of a
 half-educated mind" (Parry). \\Refuse\\ (\\paraitou\\). See
 # 1Ti 4:7
 \\They gender strifes\\ (\\gennsin machas\\). Present active indicative
 of old and common verb \\genna\\
 # Ro 9:11
 "They beget battles." See
 # 2:14

06707
 \\Must not strive\\ (\\ou dei machesthai\\). Rather, "it is not necessary
 for him to fight" (in such verbal quibbles). The negative \\ou\\ goes
 with \\dei\\, not with the infinitive \\machesthai\\. \\Gentle\\ (\\pion\\).
 Old word (from \\epos\\, speech), affable, mild, in N.T. only here
 (and
 # 1Th 2:7
 in some MSS.; W. H. have \\npios\\). \\Teachable\\ (\\didaktikon\\). See
 # 1Ti 3:2
 \\Forbearing\\ (\\anexikakon\\). Late compound (from future of \\anech\\,
 \\anex\\, and \\kakon\\, putting up with evil). Here only in N.T.

06708
 \\Correcting\\ (\\paideuonta\\). See
 # Tit 2:12
 "Schooling" (Parry). \\Oppose themselves\\ (\\antidiatithemenous\\).
 Present middle (direct) participle of \\antidiatithmi\\, late double
 compound (Diodorus, Philo) to place oneself in opposition, here
 only in N.T. \\If peradventure God may give\\ (\\m pote di ho\\
 \\theos\\). Here Westcott and Hort read the late form of the second
 aorist active optative of \\didmi\\ for the usual \\doi\\ as they do in
 # 1:18
 But there it is a wish for the future and so regular, while here
 the optative with \\m pote\\ in a sort of indirect question is used
 with a primary tense \\dei\\ (present) and parallel with an undoubted
 subjunctive \\ananpssin\\, while in
 # Lu 3:15
 \\m pote eie\\ is with a secondary tense. Examples of such an
 optative do occur in the papyri (Robertson, _Grammar_, p. 989) so
 that we cannot go as far as Moulton does and say that we "must"
 read the subjunctive \\di\\ here (_Prolegomena_, pp. 55, 193).
 \\Repentance\\ (\\metanoian\\). "Change of mind"
 # 2Co 7:10; Ro 2:4
 \\Unto the knowledge of the truth\\ (\\eis epignsin altheias\\). Paul's
 word "full knowledge"
 # Co 1:9

06709
 \\They may recover themselves\\ (\\ananpssin\\). First aorist active
 subjunctive of \\ananph\\, late and rare word, to be sober again,
 only here in N.T., though \\nph\\ is in
 # 1Th 5:6
 \\Out of the snare of the devil\\ (\\ek ts tou diabolou pagidos\\). They
 have been caught while mentally intoxicated in the devil's snare
 # 1Ti 3:7
 See
 # Ro 11:9
 for \\pagis\\. \\Taken captive\\ (\\ezgrmenoi\\). Perfect passive
 participle of \\zgre\\, old verb, to take alive (\\zos, agre\\), in
 N.T. only here and
 # Lu 5:10
 (of Peter). "Taken captive alive." \\By him unto his will\\ (\\hup'\\
 \\autou eis to ekeinou thelma\\). This difficult phrase is
 understood variously. One way is to take both \\autou\\ and \\ekeinou\\,
 to refer to the devil. Another way is to take both of them to
 refer to God. Another way is to take \\autou\\ of the devil and
 \\ekeinou\\, of God. This is probably best, "taken captive by the
 devil" "that they may come back to soberness to do the will of
 God." There are difficulties in either view.

06710
 \\Know this\\ (\\touto ginske\\). See
 # 1Co 11:3; Php 1:12
 \\In the last days\\ (\\en eschatais hmerais\\). See
 # Jas 5:3; 1Ti 4:1
 \\Grievous\\ (\\chalepoi\\). Hard. See
 # Eph 5:16
 \\Shall come\\ (\\enstsontai\\). Future middle of \\enistmi\\ (intransitive
 use), old verb, to stand on or be at hand, as in
 # 2Th 2:2

06711
 \\Lovers of self\\ (\\philautoi\\). Old compound adjective (\\philos,\\
 \\autos\\), here only in N.T. \\Lovers of money\\ (\\philarguroi\\). Old
 compound adjective, in N.T. only here and
 # Lu 16:14
 See
 # 1Ti 6:10
 \\Boastful\\ (\\alazones\\). Old word for empty pretender, in N.T. only
 here and
 # Ro 1:30
 \\Haughty\\ (\\huperphanoi\\). See also
 # Ro 1:30
 for this old word. \\Railers\\ (\\blasphmoi\\). See
 # 1Ti 1:13
 \\Disobedient to parents\\ (\\goneusin apeitheis\\). See
 # Ro 1:30
 \\Unthankful\\ (\\acharistoi\\). Old word, in N.T. only here and
 # Lu 6:35
 \\Unholy\\ (\\anosioi\\). See
 # 1Ti 1:9
 \\Without natural affection\\ (\\astorgoi\\). See
 # Ro 1:31

06712
 \\Implacable\\ (\\aspondoi\\). Truce-breakers. Old word, only here in
 N.T. though in MSS. in
 # Ro 1:31
 (from \\a\\ privative and \\spond\\, a libation).

 \\Slanderers\\ (\\diaboloi\\). See
 # 1Ti 3:11; Tit 2:3
 \\Without self-control\\ (\\akrateis\\). Old word (\\a\\ privative and
 \\kratos\\), here only in N.T. \\Fierce\\ (\\anmeroi\\). Old word (\\a\\
 privative and \\hmeros\\, tame), only here in N.T. \\No lovers of\\
 \\good\\ (\\aphilagathoi\\). Found only here (\\a\\ privative and
 \\philagathos\\, for which see
 # Tit 1:8
 See also
 # Php 4:8
 A papyrus describes Antoninus as \\philagathos\\ and has
 \\aphilokagathia\\.

06713
 \\Traitors\\ (\\prodotai\\). Old word (from \\prodidmi\\), in N.T. only
 here,
 # Lu 6:16; Ac 7:52
 \\Headstrong\\ (\\propeteis\\). Old word (from \\pro\\ and \\pipt\\), falling
 forward, in N.T. only here and
 # Ac 19:36
 \\Puffed up\\ (\\tetuphmenoi\\). Perfect passive participle of \\tupho\\.
 See
 # 1Ti 3:6
 \\Lovers of pleasure\\ (\\phildonoi\\). Literary _Koin_ word (\\philos,\\
 \\hdon\\), only here in N.T. \\Lovers of God\\ (\\philotheoi\\). Old word
 (\\philos, theos\\), only here in N.T.

06714
 \\A form of godliness\\ (\\morphsin eusebeias\\). For \\morphsin\\, see
 # Ro 2:20
 The outward shape without the reality. \\Having denied\\ (\\rnmenoi\\).
 Perfect middle participle of \\arneomai\\ (see
 # 2:12
 \\Power\\ (\\dunamin\\). See
 # 1Co 4:20
 See
 # Ro 1:29-31
 for similar description. \\Turn away\\ (\\apotrepou\\). Present middle
 (direct) imperative of \\apotrep\\, "turn thyself away from." Old
 verb, only here in N.T. See IV Macc. 1:33.

06715
 \\That creep\\ (\\hoi endunontes\\). Old and common verb (also \\endu\\)
 either to put on
 # 1Th 5:8
 or to enter (to slip in by insinuation, as here). See same idea
 in
 # Jude 1:4
 (\\pareisedusan\\),
 # 2Pe 2:1
 (\\pareisaxousin\\),
 # Ga 2:4
 (\\pareislthon\\ and \\pareisaktous\\). These stealthy "creepers" are
 pictured also in
 # Tit 1:11
 \\Take captive\\ (\\aichmaltizontes\\). "Taking captive." Present active
 participle of \\aichmaltiz\\, for which see
 # 2Co 10:5; Ro 7:23
 \\Silly women\\ (\\gunaikaria\\). Literally, "little women" (diminutive
 of \\gun\\), found in Diocles (comedian of 5 century B.C.) and in
 Epictetus. The word here is neuter (grammatical gender) plural.
 Used contemptuously here (only N.T. example). Ramsay suggests
 "society ladies." It is amazing how gullible some women are with
 religious charlatans who pose as exponents of "new thought."
 \\Laden with sins\\ (\\sesreumena hamartiais\\). Perfect passive
 participle of \\sreu\\, old word from Aristotle down (from \\sros\\, a
 heap) to heap up. In N.T. only here and
 # Ro 12:20
 Associative instrumental case \\hamartiais\\. \\Divers\\ (\\poikilais\\).
 Many coloured. See
 # Tit 3:3
 One has only to recall Schweinfurth, the false Messiah of forty
 odd years ago with his "heavenly harem" in Illinois and the
 recent infamous "House of David" in Michigan to understand how
 these Gnostic cults led women into licentiousness under the guise
 of religion or of liberty. The priestesses of Aphrodite and of
 Isis were illustrations ready to hand. \\Agomena\\ (present passive
 participle) means "continually led astray or from time to time."

06716
 \\Never able to come to the knowledge of the truth\\ (\\mdepote eis\\
 \\epignsin altheias elthein dunamena\\). Pathetic picture of these
 hypnotized women without intellectual power to cut through the
 fog of words and, though always learning scraps of things, they
 never come into the full knowledge (\\epignsin\\) of the truth in
 Christ. And yet they even pride themselves on belonging to the
 intelligentsia!

06717
 \\Like as\\ (\\hon tropon\\). "In which manner." Adverbial accusative and
 incorporation of the antecedent \\tropon\\ into the relative clause.
 \\Jannes and Jambres\\ (\\Ianns kai Iambrs\\). Traditional names of the
 magicians who withstood Moses (_Targum of Jonathan_ on
 # Ex 7:11
 \\Withstood\\ (\\antestsan\\). Second aorist active (intransitive) of
 \\anthistmi\\, to stand against, "they stood against" (with dative
 \\Musei\\). Same word used of Elymas in
 # Ac 13:8
 and repeated here \\anthistantai\\ (present middle indicative). Paul
 here pictures the seducers of the \\gunaikaria\\ above. \\Corrupted in\\
 \\mind\\ (\\katephtharmenoi ton noun\\). Perfect passive participle of
 \\kataphtheir\\, old compound, in N.T. only here in critical text.
 See
 # 2Co 11:3; 1Ti 6:5
 for \\diaphtheir\\. The accusative \\noun\\ is retained in the passive.
 \\Reprobate\\ (\\adokimoi\\). See
 # 1Co 9:27; Tit 1:16
 They had renounced their trust (\\pistin\\) in Christ.

06718
 \\They shall proceed no further\\ (\\ou prokopsousin epi pleion\\).
 Future active of \\prokopt\\. See
 # 2:16
 \\Folly\\ (\\anoia\\). Old word (from \\anoos\\, a privative and \\nous\\),
 want of sense, here only in N.T. \\Evident\\ (\\ekdlos\\). Old word (\\ek,\\
 \\dlos\\, outstanding), here only in N.T. \\Theirs\\ (\\ekeinn\\). Of
 Jannes and Jambres
 # Ex 7:12

06719
 \\Didst follow\\ (\\parkolouthsas\\). First aorist active indicative of
 \\parakolouthe\\, for which see
 # 1Ti 4:6
 Some MSS. have perfect active \\parkolouthkas\\ (thou hast
 followed). Nine associative-instrumental cases here after the
 verb (\\teaching\\, \\didaskalii\\,
 # Ro 12:7
 \\conduct\\, \\aggi\\, old word here only in N.T.; \\purpose\\, \\prothesei\\,
 # Ro 8:28
 \\faith\\, \\pistei\\,
 # 1Th 3:6
 \\longsuffering\\, \\makrothumii\\,
 # Col 1:11
 \\persecutions\\, \\digmois\\,
 # 2Th 1:4
 \\sufferings\\, \\pathmasin\\,
 # 2Co 1:6
 The two last items belong to verse
 # 11

06720
 \\What things befell me\\ (\\hoia moi egeneto\\). Qualitative relative
 (\\hoia\\) referring to actual experiences of Paul (\\egeneto\\, second
 aorist middle indicative of \\ginomai\\) more fully described in
 # 2Co 11:30-33
 The Acts of the Apostles tell of his experiences in Antioch in
 Pisidia
 # Ac 13:14,45,50
 in Iconium
 # Ac 14:1-5
 in Lystra
 # Ac 14:6-19
 See also
 # Ga 2:11
 \\What persecutions I endured\\ (\\hoious digmous hupnegka\\).
 Qualitative relative again with \\digmous\\. The verb is first
 aorist active indicative of \\hupopher\\, old verb, to bear under as
 in
 # 1Co 10:13
 \\Delivered me\\ (\\me erusato\\). First aorist middle of \\ruomai\\, old
 verb, with \\ek\\ here as in
 # 1Th 1:10
 Used again of the Lord Jesus in
 # 4:18

06721
 \\That would live godly\\ (\\hoi thelontes zin eusebs\\). "Those who
 desire (will, determine) to live godly." Paul does not regard his
 experience as peculiar, but only part of the price of loyal
 service to Christ. \\Shall suffer persecution\\ (\\dichthsontai\\).
 Future passive of \\dik\\, "shall be persecuted" (shall be hunted
 as wild beasts).

06722
 \\Impostors\\ (\\gotes\\). Old word from wailers (\\goa\\, to bewail),
 professional mourners, deceivers, jugglers. Here only in the N.T.
 Modern impostors know all the tricks of the trade. \\Shall wax\\
 \\worse and worse\\ (\\prokopsousin epi to cheiron\\). "Shall cut forward
 to the worse stage." See
 # 2:16
 for \\prokopt\\. \\Cheiron\\ is comparative of \\kakos\\, "to the worse
 than now." \\Deceiving and being deceived\\ (\\planntes kai\\
 \\planmenoi\\). Present active and present passive participles of
 \\plana\\. The tragedy of it all is that these seducers are able to
 deceive others as well as themselves.

06723
 \\But abide thou\\ (\\su de mene\\). Emphatic contrast (\\su de\\), "But
 thou." Present active imperative of \\men\\, common verb, to remain.
 \\In the things which\\ (\\en hois\\). The antecedent to \\hois\\ is not
 expressed ("in which things") and the relative is attracted from
 \\ha\\ accusative with \\emathes\\ (didst learn, second aorist active
 indicative of \\manthan\\) to the case of the unexpressed antecedent
 (locative with \\en\\). \\Hast been assured of\\ (\\epistths\\). First
 aorist passive indicative of \\pisto\\, old verb (from \\pistos\\,
 faithful), to make reliable, only here in N.T. \\Knowing from whom\\
 (\\eids para tinn\\). Second perfect active participle of \\oida\\.
 Note \\tinn\\ (ablative case after \\para\\ in an indirect question).
 The list included the O.T. prophets, Paul, Eunice, Lois. There
 ought to be moral authority in such personages.

06724
 \\From a babe\\ (\\apo brephous\\). Only here in the Pastorals. This
 teaching from the fifth year, covering the whole of Timothy's
 recollections. See
 # Mr 9:21
 \\ek paidiothen\\, from a child. \\Thou has known\\ (\\oidas\\). Present
 active indicative, progressive perfect reaching from a babe till
 now. Would that Christian parents took like pains today. \\The\\
 \\sacred writings\\ (\\hiera grammata\\). "Sacred writings" or "Holy
 Scriptures." Here alone in N.T., though in Josephus (Proem to
 _Ant_. 3; _Apion_ 1, etc.) and in Philo. The adjective \\hieros\\
 occurs in
 # 1Co 9:13
 of the temple worship, and \\gramma\\ in contrast to \\pneuma\\ in
 # 2Co 3:6; Ro 2:29
 and in
 # Joh 5:47
 of Moses' writings, in
 # Ac 28:21
 of an epistle, in
 # Ga 6:11
 of letters (characters). In Ephesus there were \\Ephesia grammata\\
 that were \\bebla\\
 # Ac 19:19
 not \\hiera\\. \\To make thee wise\\ (\\se sophisai\\). First aorist active
 infinitive of \\sophiz\\, old verb (from \\sophos\\), in N.T. only here,
 and
 # 2Pe 1:16
 \\Which is in\\ (\\ts en\\). Common idiom with the article, "the in."
 The use of the Scriptures was not magic, but of value when used
 "through faith that is in Christ Jesus."

06725
 \\Every scripture inspired of God is also profitable\\ (\\psa graph\\
 \\theopneustos kai phelimos\\). There are two matters of doubt in
 this clause. One is the absence of the article \\h\\ before \\graph\\,
 whether that makes it mean "every scripture" or "all scripture"
 as of necessity if present. Unfortunately, there are examples
 both ways with both \\ps\\ and \\graph\\. Twice we find \\graph\\ in
 the singular without the article and yet definite
 # 1Pe 2:6; 2Pe 1:20
 We have \\ps Isral\\
 # Ro 11:26
 for all Israel (Robertson, _Grammar_, p. 772). So far as the
 grammatical usage goes, one can render here either "all
 scripture" or "every scripture." There is no copula (\\estin\\) in
 the Greek and so one has to insert it either before the \\kai\\ or
 after it. If before, as is more natural, then the meaning is:
 "All scripture (or every scripture) is inspired of God and
 profitable." In this form there is a definite assertion of
 inspiration. That can be true also of the second way, making
 "inspired of God" descriptive of "every scripture," and putting
 \\estin\\ (is) after \\kai\\: "All scripture (or every scripture),
 inspired of God, is also profitable." \\Inspired of God\\
 (\\theopneustos\\). "God-breathed." Late word (Plutarch) here only in
 N.T. Perhaps in contrast to the commandments of men in
 # Tit 1:14
 \\Profitable\\ (\\phelimos\\). See
 # 1Ti 4:8
 See
 # Ro 15:4
 Four examples of \\pros\\ (facing, with a view to, for): \\didaskalian\\,
 teaching; \\elegmon\\, reproof, in LXX and here only in N.T.;
 \\epanorthsin\\, correction, old word, from \\epanortho\\, to set up
 straight in addition, here only in N.T., with which compare
 \\epidiortho\\ in
 # Tit 1:5
 \\paideian\\, instruction, with which compare
 # Eph 6:4

06726
 \\The man of God\\ (\\ho tou theou anthrpos\\). See
 # 1Ti 6:11
 \\May be complete\\ (\\hina i artios\\). Final clause with \\hina\\ and
 present subjunctive of \\eimi\\. \\Artios\\ is old word (from root
 \\ar\\, to fit), specially adapted, here only in N.T. \\Furnished\\
 \\completely\\ (\\exrtismenos\\). Perfect passive participle of
 \\exartiz\\, rare verb, to furnish (fit) fully (perfective use of
 \\ex\\), in N.T. only here and
 # Ac 21:5
 In Josephus. For \\katartiz\\, see
 # Lu 6:40; 2Co 13:11

06727
 \\I charge thee\\ (\\diamarturomai\\). Rather, "I testify." See
 # 1Th 4:6
 See
 # 1Ti 5:21
 for this verb and appeal to God and Christ. \\Who shall judge\\ (\\tou\\
 \\mellontos krinein\\). "The one going or about to judge" (regular
 idiom with \\mell\\). The quick and the dead (\\zntas kai nekrous\\).
 "Living and dead." See
 # 1Th 4:16
 \\And by his appearing\\ (\\kai tn epiphaneian\\). Accusative of
 conjuration (verbs of swearing), after \\diamarturomai\\ as is
 \\basileian\\ (by his kingdom). See
 # 1Th 5:27
 For \\epiphaneian\\, see
 # 1:10; Tit 2:13; 1Ti 6:14; 2Th 2:8

06728
 \\Preach the word\\ (\\kruxon ton logon\\). First aorist active
 imperative of \\kruss\\. For "the word" used absolutely, see
 # 1Th 1:6; Ga 6:6
 \\Be instant in season, out of season\\ (\\epistthi eukairs akairs\\).
 Second aorist (ingressive) active imperative of \\ephistmi\\
 (intransitive use), "take a stand," "stand upon it or up to it,"
 "carry on," "stick to it." The Vulgate has "_insta_." The two
 adverbs are like a proverb or a play (pun) on the word \\kairos\\.
 There are all sorts of seasons (\\kairoi\\), some difficult
 (\\chalepoi\\,
 # 3:1
 some easy (\\eukairi\\,
 # 1Co 16:12
 \\Reprove\\ (\\elegxon\\). First aorist active imperative of \\elegch\\.
 "Bring to proof."
 # Eph 5:11
 \\Rebuke\\ (\\epitimson\\). First aorist active imperative of \\epitima\\,
 to give honour (or blame) to, to chide. Common in the Gospels
 # Lu 17:3
 \\Exhort\\ (\\parakaleson\\). First aorist active imperative of
 \\parakale\\, common Pauline word.

06729
 \\A time when\\ (\\kairos hote\\). One of the \\akairs\\ (out of season)
 times. \\Will not endure\\ (\\ouk anexontai\\). Future middle (direct) of
 \\anech\\. "Will not hold themselves back from" (Col.
 # 3:13
 Having itching ears (\\knthomenoi tn akon\\). Present middle
 (causative) participle of \\knth\\, late and rare form of the Attic
 \\kna\\, to scratch, to tickle, here only in N.T. "Getting the ears
 (the hearing, \\tn akon\\) tickled." The Vulgate has \\prurientes\\.
 Cf. the Athenians
 # Ac 17:21
 Clement of Alexandria tells of speakers tickling (\\knthontes\\) the
 ears of those who want to be tickled. This is the temptation of
 the merely "popular" preacher, to furnish the latest tickle.

06730
 \\Will turn away their ears\\ (\\tn akon apostrepsousin\\). Future
 active of old verb \\apostreph\\. See
 # 1Co 12:17
 for this use of \\ako\\. The people stopped their ears and rushed at
 Stephen in
 # Ac 7:57
 \\Will turn aside\\ (\\ektrapsontai\\). Second future passive of
 \\ektrep\\. They prefer "myths" to "the truth" as some today turn
 away to "humanism," "bolshevism," "new thought" or any other fad
 that will give a new momentary thrill to their itching ears and
 morbid minds.

06731
 \\But be thou sober\\ (\\su de nphe\\). Present active imperative of
 \\nph\\, for which see
 # 1Th 5:6,8
 "Be sober in thy head." \\Suffer hardship\\ (\\kakopathson\\). See
 # 2:9
 \\Do the work of an evangelist\\ (\\ergon poison euaggelistou\\). See
 # 1Co 1:17; Eph 4:11
 for \\euaggelists\\, gospelizer. \\Fulfil\\ (\\plrophorson\\). First
 aorist active imperative of \\plrophore\\, for which see
 # Col 4:12
 In
 # Col 4:17
 Paul uses \\plro\\ to Archippus about his ministry as he here
 employs \\plrophore\\. Both verbs mean to fill full.

06732
 \\I am already being offered\\ (\\d spendomai\\). Present (progressive)
 passive indicative of \\spend\\, old verb, to pour out a libation or
 drink offering. In N.T. only here and
 # Php 2:17
 "What was then a possibility is now a certainty" (Parry). The
 sacrifice of Paul's life-blood has begun. \\Of my departure\\ (\\ts\\
 \\analuses mou\\). Our very word "analysis." Old word from \\analu\\,
 to loosen up or back, to unloose. Only here in N.T., though
 \\analusai\\ for death is used by Paul in
 # Php 1:23
 which see for the metaphor. \\Is come\\ (\\ephestken\\). Perfect active
 indicative of \\ephistmi\\ (intransitive use). See
 # 1Th 5:3; Lu 21:34
 The hour has struck. The time has come.

06733
 \\I have fought the good fight\\ (\\ton kalon agna gnismai\\). Perfect
 middle indicative of \\agnizomai\\, a favourite figure with Paul
 # 1Co 9:25; Col 1:29
 with the cognate accusative \\agna\\
 # Php 1:27,30
 etc.). The "fight" is the athletic contest of his struggle for
 Christ. \\I have finished the course\\ (\\ton dromon teteleka\\). Perfect
 active indicative of \\tele\\. He had used this metaphor also of
 himself to the elders at Ephesus
 # Ac 20:24
 Then the "course" was ahead of him. Now it is behind him. \\I have\\
 \\kept the faith\\ (\\tn pistin tetrka\\). Perfect active indicative
 again of \\tre\\. Paul has not deserted. He has kept faith with
 Christ. For this phrase, see
 # Re 14:12
 Deissmann (_Light, etc._, p. 309) gives inscriptions in Ephesus
 of a man who says: "I have kept faith" (\\tn pistin etrsa\\) and
 another of a man of whom it is said: "He fought three fights, and
 twice was crowned."

06734
 \\Henceforth\\ (\\loipon\\). Accusative case, "for the rest." \\There is\\
 \\laid up for me\\ (\\apokeitai moi\\). Present passive of \\apokeimai\\, old
 verb, to be laid away. See
 # Col 1:5
 for the hope laid away. Paul's "crown of righteousness" (\\ho ts\\
 \\dikaiosuns stephanos\\, genitive of apposition, the crown that
 consists in righteousness and is also the reward for
 righteousness, the victor's crown as in
 # 1Co 9:25
 which see) "is laid away" for him. \\At that day\\ (\\en ekeini ti\\
 \\hmeri\\). That great and blessed day
 # 1:12,18
 \\The righteous judge\\ (\\ho dikaios krits\\). "The just judge," the
 umpire who makes no mistakes who judges us all
 # 2Co 5:10
 \\Shall give me\\ (\\apodsei moi\\). Future active of \\apodidmi\\. "Will
 give back" as in
 # Ro 2:6
 and in full. \\But also to all them that have loved his appearing\\
 (\\alla psin tois gapkosin tn epiphaneian autou\\). Dative case
 of the perfect active participle of \\agapa\\, to love, who have
 loved and still love his second coming. \\Epiphaneia\\ here can as in
 # 1:10
 be interpreted of Christ's Incarnation.

06735
 \\Shortly\\ (\\taches\\). In verse
 # 21
 he more definitely says "before winter." Apparently the trial
 might drag on through its various stages.

06736
 \\Forsook me\\ (\\me egkateleipen\\). Imperfect (MSS. also have aorist,
 \\egkatelipen\\) active of the old double compound verb \\egkataleip\\,
 for which see
 # Ro 9:29
 Clearly in contrast to verse
 # 9
 and in the sense of
 # 1Ti 6:17
 wilful desertion. Only mentioned elsewhere in
 # Col 4:14
 \\Crescens\\ (\\Krsks\\). No other mention of him. \\Titus to Dalmatia\\
 (\\Titos eis Dalmatian\\). Titus had been asked to rejoin Paul in
 Nicopolis where he was to winter, probably the winter previous to
 this one
 # Tit 3:12
 He came and has been with Paul.

06737
 \\Only Luke is with me\\ (\\Loukas estin monos met' emou\\). Luke is with
 Paul now in Rome as during the first Roman imprisonment
 # Phm 1:24; Col 4:14
 \\Take Mark\\ (\\Markon analabn\\). Second aorist active participle of
 \\analamban\\, old verb, to pick up, as in
 # Eph 6:13,16
 "Pick up Mark." \\He is useful to me\\ (\\estin moi euchrstos\\). See
 # 2:21
 for \\euchrstos\\. Paul had long ago changed his opinion of Mark
 # Col 4:10
 because Mark had changed his conduct and had made good in his
 ministry. Now Paul longs to have the man that he once scornfully
 rejected
 # Ac 15:37

06738
 \\Tychicus I sent to Ephesus\\ (\\Tuchikon apesteila eis Epheson\\).
 Perhaps Paul had sent him on before he came to Rome. He may have
 been still on the way to Ephesus.

06739
 \\The cloke\\ (\\tn phelonn\\). More common form \\pheilon\\. By
 metathesis for \\phainol\\, Latin _paenula_, though which language
 transliterated the word into the other is not known. The meaning
 is also uncertain, though probably "cloke" as there are so many
 papyri examples in that sense (Moulton and Milligan,
 _Vocabulary_). Milligan (N.T. _Documents_, p. 20) had previously
 urged "book wrap" as probable but he changed his mind and rightly
 so. \\With Carpus\\ (\\para Karpi\\). "Beside Carpus," at his house. Not
 mentioned elsewhere. Probably a visit to Troas after Paul's
 return from Crete. \\The books\\ (\\ta biblia\\). Probably papyrus rolls.
 One can only guess what rolls the old preacher longs to have with
 him, probably copies of Old Testament books, possibly copies of
 his own letters, and other books used and loved. The old preacher
 can be happy with his books. \\Especially the parchments\\ (\\malista\\
 \\tas membranas\\). Latin _membrana_. The dressed skins were first
 made at Pergamum and so termed "parchments." These in particular
 would likely be copies of Old Testament books, parchment being
 more expensive than papyrus, possibly even copies of Christ's
 sayings
 # Lu 1:1-4
 We recall that in
 # Ac 26:24
 Festus referred to Paul's learning (\\ta grammata\\). He would not
 waste his time in prison.

06740
 \\Alexander the coppersmith\\ (\\Alexandros ho chalkeus\\). Old word,
 only here in N.T., for metal-worker (copper, iron, gold, etc.).
 Possibly the one in
 # 1:20
 but not the one in
 # Ac 19:33
 unless he afterwards became a Christian. \\Did me much evil\\ (\\moi\\
 \\kaka enedeixato\\). Evidently he had some personal dislike towards
 Paul and possibly also he was a Gnostic. \\Will render\\ (\\apodsei\\).
 Future active of the same verb used in verse
 # 8
 but with a very different atmosphere.

06741
 \\Be thou ware also\\ (\\kai su phulassou\\). Present middle (direct)
 imperative of \\phulass\\, "from whom keep thyself away." \\Withstood\\
 (\\antest\\). Second aorist active indicative of \\anthistmi\\, "stood
 against my words." See
 # 3:8; Ga 2:11

06742
 \\At my first defence\\ (\\en ti prti apologii\\). Original sense of
 "apology" as in
 # Php 1:7,16
 Either the first stage in this trial or the previous trial and
 acquittal at the end of the first Roman imprisonment. Probably
 the first view is correct, though really there is no way to
 decide. \\No one took my part\\ (\\oudeis moi paregeneto\\). "No one came
 by my side" (second aorist middle indicative of \\paraginomai\\). See
 # 1Co 16:3
 \\But all forsook me\\ (\\alla pantes me egkateleipon\\). Same verb and
 tense used of Demas above (verse
 # 10
 "But all were forsaking me" (one by one) or, if aorist
 \\egkatelipon\\, "all at once left me." \\May it not be laid to their\\
 \\account\\ (\\m autois logisthei\\). First aorist passive optative in
 future wish with negative \\m\\. Common Pauline verb \\logizomai\\
 # 1Co 13:5; Ro 4:3,5

06743
 \\But the Lord stood by me\\ (\\ho de kurios moi parest\\). Second
 aorist active of \\paristmi\\ (intransitive use), "took his stand by
 my side." See
 # Ro 16:2
 Clearly Jesus appeared to Paul now at this crisis and climax as
 he had done so many times before. \\Strengthened me\\ (\\enedunamsen\\
 \\me\\). "Poured power into me." See
 # Php 4:13
 \\That through me the message might be fully proclaimed\\ (\\hina di'\\
 \\emou to krugma plrophorthi\\). Final clause with \\hina\\ and first
 aorist passive subjunctive of \\plrophore\\ (see verse
 # 5
 Either to the rulers in Rome now or, if the first imprisonment,
 by his release and going to Spain. \\And that all the Gentiles\\
 \\might hear\\ (\\kai akoussin panta ta ethn\\). Continuation of the
 purpose with the aorist active subjunctive of \\akou\\. \\I was\\
 \\delivered out of the mouth of the lion\\ (\\erusthn ek stomatos\\
 \\leontos\\). First aorist passive indicative of \\ruomai\\
 # 1Th 1:10
 A proverb, but not certain what the application is whether to
 Nero or to Satan
 # 1Th 2:18
 or to the lion in the arena where Paul could not be sent because
 a Roman citizen.

06744
 \\Will deliver me\\ (\\rusetai me\\). Future middle. Recall the Lord's
 Prayer. Paul is not afraid of death. He will find his triumph in
 death
 # Php 1:21
 \\Unto his heavenly kingdom\\ (\\eis tn basileian autou tn\\
 \\epouranion\\). The future life of glory as in
 # 1Co 15:24,50
 He will save (\\ssei\\, effective future) me there finally and free
 from all evil. \\To whom be the glory\\ (\\hi h doxa\\). No verb in the
 Greek. Paul's final doxology, his Swan Song, to Christ as in
 # Ro 9:5; 16:27

06745
 \\Prisca and Aquila\\ (\\Priscan kai Akulan\\). Paul's friends now back
 in Ephesus, no longer in Rome
 # Rom 16:3
 See
 # 1:16
 for the house of Onesiphorus.

06746
 \\Erastus\\ (\\Erastos\\). See
 # Ac 19:22; Ro 16:23
 \\Trophimus\\ (\\Trophimon\\). A native of Ephesus and with Paul in
 Jerusalem
 # Ac 20:4; 21:29
 \\At Miletus sick\\ (\\en Milti asthenounta\\). Present active
 participle of \\asthene\\, to be weak. Probably on Paul's return
 from Crete.

06747
 \\Before winter\\ (\\pro cheimnos\\). Pathetic item if Paul was now in
 the Mamertine Dungeon in Rome with winter coming on and without
 his cloak for which he asked. How long he had been in prison this
 time we do not know. He may even have spent the previous winter
 or part of it here. Eubulus, Pudens, Linus, Claudia are all
 unknown otherwise. Irenaeus does speak of Linus. \\The Lord be with\\
 \\thy Spirit\\ (\\ho kurios meta tou pneumatos sou\\). Let us hope that
 Timothy and Mark reached Paul before winter, before the end came,
 with the cloak and with the books. Our hero, we may be sure, met
 the end nobly. He is already more than conqueror in Christ who is
 by his side and who will welcome him to heaven and give him his
 crown. Luke, Timothy, Mark will do all that mortal hands can do
 to cheer the heart of Paul with human comfort. He already had the
 comfort of Christ in full measure.

06748
06749
 \\According to the faith of God's elect\\ (\\kata pistin eklektn\\
 \\theou\\). Here \\kata\\ expresses the aim of Paul's apostleship, not
 the standard by which he was chosen as in
 # Php 3:14
 a classic idiom, repeated here with \\epignsin, eusebeian,\\
 \\epitagn\\, "with a view to" in each case. For "God's elect" see
 # Ro 8:33; Col 3:12
 \\The knowledge\\ (\\epignsin\\). "Full knowledge," one of Paul's
 favourite words. For the phrase see
 # 1Ti 2:4
 \\Which is according to godliness\\ (\\ts kat' eusebeian\\). "The
 (truth) with a view to godliness." The combination of faith and
 full knowledge of the truth is to bring godliness on the basis of
 the hope of life eternal.
