05850
 \\That I am not a whit behind the very chiefest apostles\\ (\\mden\\
 \\husterkenai tn huperlian apostoln\\). Perfect active infinitive
 of \\hustere\\, old verb to fall short with the ablative case. The
 rare compound adverb \\huperlian\\ (possibly in use in the
 vernacular) is probably ironical also, "the super apostles" as
 these Judaizers set themselves up to be. "The extra-super
 apostles" (Farrar). Also in
 # 12:11
 He is not referring to the pillar-apostles of
 # Ga 2:9

05851
 \\Rude in speech\\ (\\idits ti logi\\). Locative case with \\idits\\
 for which word
 See note on "Ac 4:13"
 See note on "1Co 14:16"
 See note on "1Co 14:23"
 See note on "1Co 14:24"
 The Greeks regarded a man as \\idits\\ who just attended to his own
 affairs (\\ta idia\\) and took no part in public life. Paul admits
 that he is not a professional orator (cf.
 # 10:10
 but denies that he is unskilled in knowledge (\\all' ou ti\\
 \\gnsei\\). \\Among all men\\ (\\en psin\\). He has made his mastery of the
 things of Christ plain among all men. He knew his subject.

05852
 \\In abasing myself\\ (\\emauton tapeinn\\). Humbling myself by making
 tents for a living while preaching in Corinth. He is ironical
 still about "doing a sin" (\\hamartian epoisa\\). \\For nought\\
 (\\drean\\). _Gratis_. Accusative of general reference, common
 adverb. It amounts to sarcasm to ask if he did a sin in preaching
 the gospel free of expense to them "that ye may be exalted."

05853
 \\I robbed\\ (\\esulsa\\). Old verb to despoil, strip arms from a slain
 foe, only here in N.T. He allowed other churches to do more than
 their share. \\Taking wages\\ (\\labn opsnion\\). For \\opsnion\\
 See note on "1Co 9:7"
 See note on "Ro 6:17"
 He got his "rations" from other churches, not from Corinth while
 there.

05854
 \\I was not a burden to any man\\ (\\ou katenarksa outhenos\\). First
 aorist active indicative of \\katanarka\\. Jerome calls this word
 one of Paul's _cilicisms_ which he brought from Cilicia. But the
 word occurs in Hippocrates for growing quite stiff and may be a
 medical term in popular use. \\Narka\\ means to become numb, torpid,
 and so a burden. It is only here and
 # 12:13
 Paul "did not benumb the Corinthians by his demand for pecuniary
 aid" (Vincent). \\From being burdensome\\ (\\abar\\). Old adjective,
 free from weight or light (\\a\\ privative and \\baros\\, weight) .
 See note on "1Th 2:9"
  for same idea. Paul kept himself independent.

05855
 \\No man shall stop me of this glorying\\ (\\h kauchsis haut ou\\
 \\phragsetai eis eme\\). More exactly, "This glorying shall not be
 fenced in as regards me." Second future passive of \\phrass\\, to
 fence in, to stop, to block in. Old verb, only here in N.T. \\In\\
 \\the regions of Achaia\\ (\\en tois klimasin ts Achaias\\). \\Klima\\ from
 \\klin\\, to incline, is _Koin_ word for declivity slope, region
 (our climate). See chapter
 # 1Co 9
 for Paul's boast about preaching the gospel without cost to them.

05856
 \\God knoweth\\ (\\ho theos oiden\\). Whether they do or not. He knows
 that God understands his motives.

05857
 \\That I may cut off occasion\\ (\\hina ekkops tn aphormn\\). Purpose
 clause with \\hina\\ and first aorist active subjunctive of \\ekkopt\\,
 old verb to cut out or off
 # Mt 3:10; 5:30
 See
 # 2Co 5:12
 for \\aphormn\\. \\From them which desire an occasion\\ (\\tn thelontn\\
 \\aphormn\\). Ablative case after \\ekkops\\. There are always some
 hunting for occasions to start something against preachers. \\They\\
 \\may be found\\ (\\heurethsin\\). First aorist passive subjunctive of
 \\heurisk\\, to find with final conjunction \\hina\\.

05858
 \\False apostles\\ (\\pseudapostoloi\\). From \\pseuds\\, false, and
 \\apostolos\\. Paul apparently made this word (cf.
 # Re 2:2
 In verse
 # 26
 we have \\pseudadelphos\\, a word of like formation
 # Ga 2:4
 See also \\pseudochristoi\\ and \\pseudoprophtai\\ in
 # Mr 13:22
 \\Deceitful\\ (\\dolioi\\). Old word from \\dolos\\ (lure, snare), only here
 in N.T. (cf.
 # Ro 16:18
 \\Fashioning themselves\\ (\\metaschmatizomenoi\\). Present middle
 (direct) participle of the old verb \\metaschmatiz\\ for which see
 on
 # 1Co 4:6
 Masquerading as apostles of Christ by putting on the outward
 habiliments, posing as ministers of Christ ("gentlemen of the
 cloth," nothing but cloth). Paul plays with this verb in verses
 # 13,14,15

05859
 \\An angel of light\\ (\\aggelon phtos\\). The prince of darkness puts
 on the garb of light and sets the fashion for his followers in
 the masquerade to deceive the saints. "Like master like man." Cf.
 # 2:11; Ga 1:8
 This terrible portrayal reveals the depth of Paul's feelings
 about the conduct of the Judaizing leaders in Corinth. In
 # Ga 2:4
 he terms those in Jerusalem "false brethren."

05860
 \\As ministers of righteousness\\ (\\hs diakonoi dikaiosuns\\). Jesus
 # Joh 10:1-21
 terms these false shepherds thieves and robbers. It is a tragedy
 to see men in the livery of heaven serve the devil.

05861
 \\Let no man think me foolish\\ (\\m tis me doxi aphrona einai\\).
 Usual construction in a negative prohibition with \\m\\ and the
 aorist subjunctive \\doxi\\ (Robertson, _Grammar_, p. 933). \\But if\\
 \\ye do\\ (\\ei de m ge\\). Literally, "But if not at least (or
 otherwise)," that is, If you do think me foolish. \\Yet as foolish\\
 (\\kan hs aphrona\\). "Even if as foolish." Paul feels compelled to
 boast of his career and work as an apostle of Christ after the
 terrible picture just drawn of the Judaizers. He feels greatly
 embarrassed in doing it. Some men can do it with complete
 composure (_sang froid_).

05862
 \\Not after the Lord\\ (\\ou kata Kurion\\). Not after the example of the
 Lord. He had appealed to the example of Christ in
 # 10:1
 (the meekness and gentleness of Christ). Paul's conduct here, he
 admits, is not in keeping with that. But circumstances force him
 on.

05863
 \\After the flesh\\ (\\kata sarka\\). It is \\kata sarka\\ not \\kata Kurion\\.
 \\I also\\ (\\kag\\). But he knows that it is a bit of foolishness and
 not like Christ.

05864
 \\Gladly\\ (\\hdes\\). Irony again. Cf. \\kalos\\ in
 # 11:4
 # Mr 7:9
 So as to \\phronimoi ontes\\ (being wise).

05865
 \\For ye bear with a man\\ (\\anechesthe gar\\). " You tolerate tyranny,
 extortion, craftiness, arrogance, violence, and insult"
 (Plummer). Sarcasm that cut to the bone. Note the verb with each
 of the five conditional clauses (enslaves, devours, takes
 captive, exalteth himself, smites on the face). The climax of
 insult, smiting on the face.

05866
 \\By way of disparagement\\ (\\kata atimian\\). Intense irony. Cf.
 # 6:8
 \\As though\\ (\\hs hoti\\). Presented as the charge of another. "They
 more than tolerate those who trample on them while they criticize
 as 'weak' one who shows them great consideration" (Plummer).
 After these prolonged explanations Paul "changes his tone from
 irony to direct and masterful assertion" (Bernard). \\I am bold\\
 \\also\\ (\\tolm kag\\). Real courage. Cf.
 # 10:2,12

05867
 \\So am I\\ (\\kag\\). This is his triumphant refrain with each
 challenge.

05868
 \\As one beside himself\\ (\\paraphronn\\). Present active participle of
 \\paraphrone\\. Old verb from \\paraphrn\\ (\\para, phrn\\), beside
 one's wits. Only here in N.T. Such open boasting is out of accord
 with Paul's spirit and habit. \\I more\\ (\\huper eg\\). This adverbial
 use of \\huper\\ appears in ancient Greek (Euripides). It has no
 effect on \\eg\\, not "more than I," but "I more than they." He
 claims superiority now to these "superextra apostles." \\More\\
 \\abundant\\ (\\perissoters\\).
 See note on "2Co 7:15"
 No verbs with these clauses, but they are clear. \\In prisons\\ (\\en\\
 \\phulakais\\). Plural also in
 # 6:5
 Clement of Rome (_Cor_. V.) says that Paul was imprisoned seven
 times. We know of only five (Philippi, Jerusalem, Caesarea, twice
 in Rome), and only one before II Corinthians (Philippi). But Luke
 does not tell them all nor does Paul. Had he been in prison in
 Ephesus? So many think and it is possible as we have seen. \\Above\\
 \\measure\\ (\\huperballonts\\). Old adverb from the participle
 \\huperballontn\\ (\\huperball\\, to hurl beyond). Here only in N.T. \\In\\
 \\deaths oft\\ (\\en thanatois pollakis\\). He had nearly lost his life,
 as we know, many times
 # 1:9; 4:11

05869
 \\Five times received I forty stripes save one\\ (\\pentakis\\
 \\tesserakonta para mian elabon\\). The Acts and the Epistles are
 silent about these Jewish floggings
 # Mt 27:36
 See note on "Lu 12:47"
  for omission of \\plgas\\ (stripes). Thirty-nine lashes was the
 rule for fear of a miscount
 # De 25:1-3
 Cf. Josephus (_Ant_. IV. 8, 1, 21).

05870
 \\Thrice was I beaten with rods\\ (\\tris errabdisthn\\). Roman
 (Gentile) punishment. It was forbidden to Roman citizens by the
 _Lex Porcia_, but Paul endured it in Philippi
 # Ac 16:23,37
 the only one of the three named in Acts. First aorist passive of
 \\rabdiz\\, from \\rabdos\\, rod, _Koin_ word, in N.T. only here and
 # Ac 16:22
 which see. \\Once was I stoned\\ (\\hapax elithasthn\\). Once for all
 \\hapax\\ means. At Lystra
 # Ac 14:5-19
 On \\lithaz\\ _Koin_ verb from \\lithos\\,
 See note on "Ac 5:26"
 \\Thrice I suffered shipwreck\\ (\\tris enauagsa\\). First aorist active
 of \\nauage\\, from \\nauagos\\, shipwrecked (\\naus\\, ship, \\agnumi\\,
 to break). Old and common verb, in N.T. only here and
 # 1Ti 1:19
 We know nothing of these. The one told in
 # Ac 27
 was much later. What a pity that we have no data for all these
 varied experiences of Paul. \\Night and day\\ (\\nuchthmeron\\) Rare
 word. Papyri give \\nuktmar\\ with the same idea (night-day). \\Have I\\
 \\been in the deep\\ (\\en ti buthi pepoika\\). Vivid dramatic perfect
 active indicative of \\poie\\, "I have done a night and day in the
 deep." The memory of it survives like a nightmare. \\Buthos\\ is old
 word (only here in N.T.) for bottom, depth of the sea, then the
 sea itself. Paul does not mean that he was a night and day under
 the water, not a Jonah experience, only that he was far out at
 sea and shipwrecked. This was one of the three shipwrecks-already
 named.

05871
 \\In journeyings\\ (\\hodoiporiais\\). Locative case of old word, only
 here in N.T. and
 # Joh 4:6
 from \\hodoiporos\\, wayfarer. \\In perils\\ (\\kindunois\\). Locative case
 of \\kindunos\\, old word for danger or peril. In N.T. only this
 verse and
 # Ro 8:35
 The repetition here is very effective without the preposition \\en\\
 (in) and without conjunctions (asyndeton). They are in contrasted
 pairs. The rivers of Asia Minor are still subject to sudden
 swellings from floods in the mountains. Cicero and Pompey won
 fame fighting the Cilician pirates and robbers (note \\listn\\, not
 \\kleptn\\, thieves, brigands or bandits on which
 See note on "Mt 26:55"
 ). The Jewish perils (\\ek genous\\, from my race) can be illustrated
 in
 # Ac 9:23,29; 13:50; 14:5; 17:5,13; 18:12; 23:12; 24:27
 and they were all perils in the city also. Perils from the
 Gentiles (\\ex ethnn\\) we know in Philippi
 # Ac 16:20
 and in Ephesus
 # Ac 19:23
 Travel in the mountains and in the wilderness was perilous in
 spite of the great Roman highways. \\Among false brethren\\ (\\en\\
 \\pseudadelphois\\). Chapters
 # 2Co 10; 11
 throw a lurid light on this aspect of the subject.

05872
 \\In labour and travail\\ (\\kopi kai mochthi\\). Both old words for
 severe work, combined here as in
 # 1Th 2:9; 2Th 3:8
 "by toil and moil" (Plummer). The rest of the list is like the
 items in
 # 2Co 6:4
 \\In cold\\ (\\en psuchei\\). Old word from \\psuch\\, to cool by blowing.
 See
 # Ac 28:2
 See the picture of the aged Paul later in the Roman dungeon
 # 2Ti 4:9-18

05873
 \\Besides those things that are without\\ (\\chris tn parektos\\).
 Probably, "apart from those things beside these just mentioned."
 Surely no man ever found glory in such a peck of troubles as Paul
 has here recounted. His list should shame us all today who are
 disposed to find fault with our lot. \\That which presseth upon me\\
 \\daily\\ (\\h epistasis moi h kath' hmeran\\). For this vivid word
 \\epistasis\\ see
 # Ac 24:12
 the only other place in the N.T. where it occurs. It is like the
 rush of a mob upon Paul. \\Anxiety for all the churches\\ (\\h merimna\\
 \\pasn tn ekklsin\\). Objective genitive after \\merimna\\
 (distractions in different directions, from \\meriz\\) for which
 word
 See note on "Mt 13:22"
 Paul had the shepherd heart. As apostle to the Gentiles he had
 founded most of these churches.

05874
 \\I burn\\ (\\puroumai\\). Present passive indicative of \\puro\\, old verb
 to inflame (from \\pur\\, fire). When a brother stumbles, Paul is set
 on fire with grief.

05875
 \\The things that concern my weakness\\ (\\ta ts astheneias mou\\). Like
 the list above.

05876
 \\I am not lying\\ (\\ou pseudomai\\). The list seems so absurd and
 foolish that Paul takes solemn oath about it (cf.
 # 1:23
 For the doxology see
 # Ro 1:25; 9:5

05877
 \\The governor under Aretas\\ (\\ho ethnarchs Hareta\\). How it came to
 pass that Damascus, ruled by the Romans after B.C. 65, came at
 this time to be under the rule of Aretas, fourth of the name,
 King of the Nabatheans (II Macc. 5:8), we do not know. There is
 an absence of Roman coins in Damascus from A.D. 34 to 62. It is
 suggested (Plummer) that Caligula, to mark his dislike for
 Antipas, gave Damascus to Aretas (enemy of Antipas). \\Guarded\\
 (\\ephrourei\\). Imperfect active of \\phroure\\, old verb (from
 \\phrouros\\, a guard) to guard by posting sentries. In
 # Ac 9:24
 we read that the Jews kept watch to seize Paul, but there is no
 conflict as they cooperated with the guard set by Aretas at their
 request. \\To seize\\ (\\piasai\\). Doric first aorist active infinitive
 of \\piez\\
 # Lu 6:38
 for which
 See note on "Ac 3:7"

05878
 \\Through a window\\ (\\dia thuridos\\). For this late word
 See note on "Ac 20:9"
 , the only N.T. example. \\Was I let down\\ (\\echalasthn\\). First
 aorist passive of \\chala\\, the very word used by Luke in
 # Ac 9:25
 \\In a basket\\ (\\en sargani\\). Old word for rope basket whereas Luke
 # Ac 9:25
 has \\en sphuridi\\ (the word for the feeding of the 4,000 while
 \\kophinos\\ is the one for the 5,000). This was a humiliating
 experience for Paul in this oldest city of the world whither he
 had started as a conqueror over the despised Christians.

05879
 \\I must needs glory\\ (\\kauchasthai dei\\). This is the reading of B L
 Latin Syriac, but Aleph D Bohairic have \\de\\ while K M read \\d\\. The
 first is probably correct. He must go on with the glorying
 already begun, foolish as it is, though it is not expedient (\\ou\\
 \\sumpheron\\). \\Visions\\ (\\optasias\\). Late word from \\optaz\\.
 See note on "Lu 1:22"
 See note on "Ac 26:19"
 \\Revelations of the Lord\\ (\\apokalupseis Kuriou\\). Unveilings (from
 \\apokalupt\\ as in
 # Re 1:1
 See note on "2Th 1:7"
 See note on "1Co 1:7"
 See note on "1Co 14:26"
 Paul had both repeated visions of Christ
 # Ac 9:3; 16:9; 18:9; 22:17; 27:23
 and revelations. He claimed to speak by direct revelation
 # 1Co 11:23; 15:3; Ga 1:12; Eph 3:3
 etc.).

05880
 \\I know a man\\ (\\oida anthrpon\\). Paul singles out one incident of
 ecstasy in his own experience that he declines to describe. He
 alludes to it in this indirect way as if it were some other
 personality. \\Fourteen years ago\\ (\\pro etn dekatessarn\\).
 Idiomatic way of putting it, the preposition \\pro\\ (before) before
 the date (Robertson, _Grammar, p. 621f.) as in
 # Joh 12:1
 The date was probably while Paul was at Tarsus
 # Ac 9:30; 11:25
 We have no details of that period. \\Caught up\\ (\\harpagenta\\). Second
 aorist passive participle of \\harpaz\\, to seize (see on
 # Mt 11:12
 \\Even to the third heaven\\ (\\hes tritou ouranou\\). It is unlikely
 that Paul alludes to the idea of seven heavens held by some Jews
 (_Test. of the Twelve Pat._, Levi ii. iii.). He seems to mean the
 highest heaven where God is (Plummer).

05881
 \\I do not know\\ (\\ouk oida\\). Paul declines to pass on his precise
 condition in this trance. We had best leave it as he has told it.

05882
 \\Into Paradise\\ (\\eis paradeison\\).
 See note on "Lu 23:43"
  for this interesting word. Paul apparently uses paradise as the
 equivalent of the third heaven in verse
 # 2
 Some Jews (_Book of the Secrets of Enoch_, chapter viii) make
 Paradise in the third heaven. The rabbis had various ideas (two
 heavens, three, seven). We need not commit Paul to any "celestial
 gradation" (Vincent). \\Unspeakable words\\ (\\arrta rmata\\). Old
 verbal adjective (\\a\\ privative, \\rtos\\ from \\re\\), only here in
 N.T. \\Not lawful\\ (\\ouk exon\\). Copula \\estin\\ omitted. Hence Paul does
 \\not\\ give these words.

05883
 \\But on mine own behalf\\ (\\huper de emautou\\). As if there were two
 Pauls. In a sense there were. He will only glory in the things
 mentioned above, the things of his weaknesses
 # 11:30

05884
 \\I shall not be foolish\\ (\\ouk esomai aphrn\\). Apparent
 contradiction to
 # 11:1,16
 But he is here speaking of the Paul "caught up" in case he should
 tell the things heard (condition of the third class, \\ean\\ and
 first aorist subjunctive \\thels\\). \\Of me\\ (\\eis eme\\). To my credit,
 almost like dative (cf. \\en emoi\\ in
 # 1Co 14:11

05885
 \\By reason of the exceeding greatness\\ (\\ti huperboli\\).
 Instrumental case, "by the excess." \\That I should not be exalted\\
 \\overmuch\\ (\\hina m huperairmai\\). Present passive subjunctive in
 final clause of \\huperair\\, old verb to lift up beyond, only here
 in N.T. This clause is repeated at the end of the sentence. \\A\\
 \\thorn in the flesh\\ (\\skolops ti sarki\\). This old word is used for
 splinter, stake, thorn. In the papyri and inscriptions examples
 occur both for splinter and thorn as the meaning. In the LXX it
 is usually thorn. The case of \\ti sarki\\ can be either locative
 (in) or dative (for). What was it? Certainly it was some physical
 malady that persisted. All sorts of theories are held (malaria,
 eye-trouble, epilepsy, insomnia, migraine or sick-headache,
 etc.). It is a blessing to the rest of us that we do not know the
 particular affliction that so beset Paul. Each of us has some
 such splinter or thorn in the flesh, perhaps several at once.
 \\Messenger of Satan\\ (\\aggelos Satana\\). Angel of Satan, the
 affliction personified. \\Buffet\\ (\\kolaphizi\\).
 See note on "Mt 26:67"
 See note on "1Co 4:11"
  for this late and rare word from \\kolaphos\\, fist. The messenger
 of Satan kept slapping Paul in the face and Paul now sees that it
 was God's will for it to be so.

05886
 \\Concerning this thing\\ (\\huper toutou\\). More likely, "concerning
 this messenger of Satan." \\That it might depart from me\\ (\\hina\\
 \\aposti aph' emou\\). Second aorist active (intransitive)
 subjunctive of \\aphistmi\\ in final clause, "that he stand off from
 me for good."

05887
 \\He hath said\\ (\\eirken\\). Perfect active indicative, as if a final
 word. Paul probably still has the thorn in his flesh and needs
 this word of Christ. \\Is sufficient\\ (\\arkei\\). Old word of rich
 meaning, perhaps kin to Latin _arceo_, to ward off against
 danger. Christ's grace suffices and abides. \\Is perfected\\
 (\\teleitai\\). Present passive indicative of \\tele\\, to finish. It is
 linear in idea. Power is continually increased as the weakness
 grows. See
 # Php 4:13
 for this same noble conception. The human weakness opens the way
 for more of Christ's power and grace. \\Most gladly rather\\ (\\hdista\\
 \\mallon\\). Two adverbs, one superlative (\\hdista\\), one comparative
 (\\mallon\\). "Rather" than ask any more (thrice already) for the
 removal of the thorn or splinter "most gladly will I glory in my
 weaknesses." Slowly Paul had learned this supreme lesson, but it
 will never leave him
 # Ro 5:2; 2Ti 4:6-8
 \\May rest upon me\\ (\\episknsi ep' eme\\). Late and rare verb in
 first aorist active subjunctive with \\hina\\ (final clause), to fix
 a tent upon, here upon Paul himself by a bold metaphor, as if the
 Shechinah of the Lord was overshadowing him (cf.
 # Lu 9:34
 the power (\\dunamis\\) of the Lord Jesus.

05888
 \\Wherefore I take pleasure\\ (\\dio eudok\\). For this noble word
 See note on "Mt 3:17"
 See note on "2Co 5:8"
 The enemies of Paul will have a hard time now in making Paul
 unhappy by persecutions even unto death
 # Php 1:20-26
 He is not courting martyrdom, but he does not fear it or anything
 that is "for Christ's sake" (\\huper Christou\\). \\For when\\ (\\hotan\\
 \\gar\\). "For whenever," indefinite time. \\Then I am strong\\ (\\tote\\
 \\dunatos eimi\\). At that very time, but not in myself, but in the
 fresh access of power from Christ for the emergency.

05889
 \\I am become foolish\\ (\\gegona aphrn\\). Perfect active indicative of
 \\ginomai\\. In spite of what he said in verse
 # 6
 that he would not be foolish if he gloried in the other Paul. But
 he feels that he has dropped back to the mood of
 # 11:1,16
 He has been swept on by the memory of the ecstasy. \\For I ought to\\
 \\have been commended by you\\ (\\eg gar pheilon huph' humn\\
 \\sunistasthai\\). Explanation of "ye compelled me." Imperfect active
 \\pheilon\\ of \\opheil\\, to be under obligation, and the tense here
 expresses an unfulfilled obligation about the present. But
 \\sunistasthai\\ is present passive infinitive, not aorist or perfect
 passive. He literally means, "I ought now to be commended by you"
 instead of having to glorify myself. He repeats his boast already
 made
 # 11:5
 that he is no whit behind "the super-extra apostles" (the
 Judaizers), "though I am nothing" (\\ei kai ouden eimi\\). Even
 boasting himself against those false apostles causes a reaction
 of feeling that he has to express (cf.
 # 1Co 15:9; 1Ti 1:15

05890
 \\Of an apostle\\ (\\tou apostolou\\). "Of the apostle" (definite
 article). Note the three words here for miracles wrought by Paul
 (\\smeia\\, signs, \\terata\\, wonders, \\dunameis\\, powers or miracles)
 as in
 # Heb 2:4

05891
 \\Wherein ye were made inferior\\ (\\ho hssthte\\). First aorist
 passive indicative of \\hssoomai\\, the text of Aleph B D instead of
 the usual \\httthte\\ from the common \\httaomai\\ to be inferior or
 less from the comparative \\httn\\. See \\hssn\\ in verse
 # 15
 \\Ho\\ is the neuter accusative with the passive verb (Robertson,
 _Grammar_, p. 479). \\Forgive me this wrong\\ (\\charisasthe moi tn\\
 \\adikian tautn\\). Consummate irony to the stingy element in this
 church (cf.
 # 11:9

05892
 \\Third time I am ready to come\\ (\\triton touto hetoims ech\\). Had
 he been already twice or only once? He had changed his plans once
 when he did not go
 # 1:15
 He will not change his plans now. This looks as if he had only
 been once (that in
 # Ac 18
 Note the third use of \\katanarka\\
 # 11:9; 12:13,14
 They need not be apprehensive. He will be as financially
 independent of them as before. "I shall not sponge on you." \\Not\\
 \\yours, but you\\ (\\ou ta humn, alla humas\\). The motto of every real
 preacher. \\To lay up\\ (\\thsaurizein\\). For this use of the verb see
 # 1Co 16:2
 # Mt 6:19-21; Jas 5:3

05893
 \\I will most gladly spend and be spent\\ (\\hdista dapans kai\\
 \\ekdapanthsomai\\). Both future active of old verb \\dapana\\
 # Mr 5:26
 to spend money, time, energy, strength and the future passive of
 \\ekdapana\\, late compound to spend utterly, to spend out, (\\ek-\\),
 to spend wholly. Only here in N.T.

05894
 \\I did not myself burden you\\ (\\eg ou katebarsa humas\\). First
 aorist active of late verb \\katabare\\, to press a burden down on
 one. Only here in N.T. \\Crafty\\ (\\panourgos\\). Old word from \\pan\\,
 all, and \\ergo\\, to do anything (good or bad). Good sense is
 skilful, bad sense cunning. Only here in N.T. and Paul is quoting
 the word from his enemies. \\With guile\\ (\\doli\\). Instrumental case
 of \\dolos\\, bait to catch fish with. The enemies of Paul said that
 he was raising this big collection for himself. Moffatt has done
 well to put these charges in quotation marks to make it plain to
 readers that Paul is ironical.

05895
 \\Did I take advantage\\ (\\epleonektsa\\). Paul goes right to the point
 without hedging. For this verb from \\pleon\\ and \\ech\\, to have more,
 See note on "2Co 2:11"
 See note on "2Co 7:2"
 \\By any one of them\\ (\\tina--di' autou\\). An anacoluthon for \\tina\\ is
 left in the accusative without a verb and \\di' autou\\ takes up the
 idea, "as to any one by him." \\Whom\\ (\\hn\\). The genitive relative
 is attracted from the accusative \\hous\\ into the case of the
 unexpressed antecedent \\touton\\). \\M\\ expects the negative answer as
 does \\mti\\ in
 # 18

05896
 \\The brother\\ (\\ton adelphon\\). Probably the brother of Titus (cf.
 # 8:18
 \\Did Titus take advantage of you?\\ (\\mti epleonektsen humas\\
 \\Titos?\\). That puts the issue squarely. \\By the same Spirit\\ (\\ti\\
 \\auti pneumati\\). That translation refers to the Holy Spirit and
 makes the case instrumental. The locative case, "in the same
 spirit," makes it mean that Paul's attitude is the same as that
 of Titus and most likely is correct, for "in the same steps"
 (\\tois autois ichnesin\\) is in locative case.

05897
 \\Ye think all this time\\ (\\palai dokeite\\). Progressive present
 indicative, "for a long time ye have been thinking." \\We are\\
 \\excusing ourselves\\ (\\apologoumetha\\). He is not just apologizing,
 but is in deadly earnest, as they will find out when he comes.

05898
 \\Lest by any means, when I come, I should find you not such as I\\
 \\would\\ (\\m ps elthn ouch hoious thel heur humas\\). An idiomatic
 construction after the verb of fearing (\\phoboumai\\) with \\m ps\\ as
 the conjunction and with \\ouch\\ as the negative of the verb \\heur\\
 (second aorist active subjunctive of \\heurisk\\), \\m\\ the
 conjunction, \\ouch\\ the negative. See Robertson, _Grammar_, p. 995.
  \\And I be found\\ (\\kag heureth\\). Same construction with first
 aorist passive subjunctive. \\Such as ye would not\\ (\\hoion ou\\
 \\thelete\\). Neat change in voice just before and position of the
 negative here. \\Lest by any means\\ (\\m ps\\). Still further negative
 purpose by repeating the conjunction. With graphic pen pictures
 Paul describes what had been going on against him during his long
 absence. \\Backbitings\\ (\\katalaliai\\). Late and rare word. In N.T.
 only here and
 # 1Pe 2:1
 If it only existed nowhere else! \\Whisperings\\ (\\psithurismoi\\). Late
 word from \\psithuriz\\, to whisper into one's ear. An onomatopoetic
 word for the sibilant murmur of a snake charmer
 # Ec 10:11
 Only here in N.T. \\Swellings\\ (\\phusiseis\\). From \\phusio\\, to swell
 up, late word only here and in ecclesiastical writers. Did Paul
 make up the word for the occasion?
 See note on "1Co 4:6"
  for verb. \\Tumults\\ (\\akatastasiai\\). See on
 # 2Co 6:5

05899
 \\When I come again\\ (\\palin elthontos mou\\). Genitive absolute. Paul
 assumes it as true. \\Lest my God humble me\\ (\\m tapeinsi me ho\\
 \\theos mou\\). Negative final clause (\\m\\ and first aorist active
 subjunctive), going back to \\phoboumai\\ in
 # 20
 He means a public humiliation as his fear. The conduct of the
 church had been a real humiliation whether he refers to a
 previous visit or not. \\That have sinned heretofore\\ (\\tn\\
 \\promartkotn\\). Genitive plural of the articular perfect active
 participle of \\proamartan\\ to emphasize continuance of their
 sinful state as opposed to \\m metanosantn\\ (did not repent) in
 the aorist tense.
