02750
 \\And ye shall sit\\ (\\kathsesthe\\). But Westcott and Hort read in the
 text \\kathsthe\\ (present middle subjunctive with \\hina\\). The
 picture seems to be that given in
 # Mt 19:28
 when Jesus replied to Peter's inquiry. It is not clear how
 literally this imagery is to be taken. But there is the promise
 of honour for the loyal among these in the end.

02751
 \\Asked to have you\\ (\\exitsato\\). First aorist indirect middle
 indicative of \\exaite\\, an old verb to beg something of one and
 (middle) for oneself. Only here in the N.T. The verb is used
 either in the good or the bad sense, but it does not mean here
 "obtained by asking" as margin in Revised Version has it. \\That he\\
 \\might sift you\\ (\\tou siniasai\\). Genitive articular infinitive of
 purpose. First aorist active infinitive of \\siniaz\\, to shake a
 sieve, to sift, from \\sinion\\, a winnowing fan. Later word. Here
 only in the N.T.

02752
 \\That thy faith fail not\\ (\\hina m eklipi he pistis mou\\). Second
 aorist active subjunctive of purpose with \\hina\\ after \\edethn\\ (\\I\\
 \\prayed\\) of \\ekleip\\, old verb. Our word _eclipse_ is this word.
 Evidently Jesus could not keep Satan from attacking Peter. He had
 already captured Judas. Did he not repeatedly attack Jesus? But
 he could and did pray for Peter's faith and his praying won in
 the end, though Peter stumbled and fell. \\And do thou\\ (\\kai su\\).
 The words single out Peter sharply. \\Once thou hast turned again\\
 (\\pote epistrepsas\\). First aorist active participle of \\epistreph\\,
 common verb to turn to, to return. But the use of this word
 implied that Peter would fall though he would come back and
 "strengthen thy brethren."

02753
 \\To prison and to death\\ (\\eis phulakn kai eis thanaton\\). Evidently
 Peter was not flattered by the need of Christ's earnest prayers
 for his welfare and loyalty. Hence this loud boast.

02754
 \\Until thou shalt thrice deny that thou knowest me\\ (\\hes tris me\\
 \\aparnsi eidenai\\). "Thrice" is in all four Gospels here for they
 all give this warning to Peter
 # Mr 14:30; Mt 26:34; Lu 22:34; Joh 18:38
 Peter will even deny knowing Jesus (\\eidenai\\).

02755
 \\Without purse\\ (\\ater ballantiou\\). Money bag or purse. Old word,
 but in the N.T. only in Luke
 # 10:4; 12:33; 22:35
 \\Wallet\\ (\\pras\\).
 See note on "Mt 10:10"
 \\Lacked ye anything\\ (\\m tinos hustersate;\\). Answer No expected
 (\\outhenos\\ below). Ablative case after \\hustere\\.

02756
 \\Buy a sword\\ (\\agorasat machairan\\). This is for defence clearly.
 The reference is to the special mission in Galilee
 # Lu 9:1-6; Mr 6:6-13; Mt 9:35-11:1
 They are to expect persecution and bitter hostility
 # Joh 15:18-21
 Jesus does not mean that his disciples are to repel force by
 force, but that they are to be ready to defend his cause against
 attack. Changed conditions bring changed needs. This language can
 be misunderstood as it was then.

02757
02758
 \\Lord, behold, here are two swords\\ (\\kurie idou machairai hde\\
 \\duo\\). They took his words literally. And before this very night
 is over Peter will use one of these very swords to try to cut off
 the head of Malchus only to be sternly rebuked by Jesus
 # Mr 14:47; Mt 26:51; Lu 22:50; Joh 18:10
 Then Jesus will say: "For all that take the sword shall perish
 with the sword"
 # Mt 26:52
 Clearly Jesus did not mean his language even about the sword to
 be pressed too literally. So he said: "It is enough" (\\Hikanon\\
 \\estin\\). It is with sad irony and sorrow that Jesus thus dismisses
 the subject. They were in no humour now to understand the various
 sides of this complicated problem. Every preacher and teacher
 understands this mood, not of impatience, but of closing the
 subject for the present.

02759
 \\As his custom was\\ (\\kata to ethos\\). According to the custom (of
 him). It was because Judas knew the habit of Jesus of going to
 Gethsemane at night that he undertook to betray him without
 waiting for the crowd to go home after the feast.

02760
 \\At the place\\ (\\epi tou topou\\). The place of secret prayer which
 was dear to Jesus. \\Pray that ye enter not into temptation\\
 (\\proseuchesthe m eiselthein eis peirasmon\\). "Keep on praying not
 to enter (ingressive aorist infinitive, not even once) into
 temptation." It is real "temptation" here, not just "trial."
 Jesus knew the power of temptation and the need of prayer. These
 words throw a light on the meaning of his language in
 # Mt 6:13
 Jesus repeats this warning in verse
 # 46

02761
 \\About a stone's throw\\ (\\hsei lithou boln\\). Accusative of extent
 of space. Luke does not tell of leaving eight disciples by the
 entrance to Gethsemane nor about taking Peter, James, and John
 further in with him. \\Kneeled down\\ (\\theis ta gonata\\). Second
 aorist active participle from \\tithmi\\.
 # Mr 14:35
 says "fell on the ground" and
 # Mt 26:39
 "fell on his face." All could be true at different moments.
 \\Prayed\\ (\\prosucheto\\). Imperfect middle, was praying, kept on
 praying.

02762
 \\If thou be willing\\ (\\ei boulei\\). This condition is in the first
 petition at the start. \\Be done\\ (\\ginesth\\). Present middle
 imperative, keep on being done, the Father's will.

02763
 \\An angel\\ (\\aggelos\\). The angels visited Jesus at the close of the
 three temptations at the beginning of his ministry
 # Mt 4:11
 Here the angel comes during the conflict.

02764
 \\In an agony\\ (\\en agnii\\). It was conflict, contest from \\agn\\. An
 old word, but only here in the N.T. Satan pressed Jesus harder
 than ever before. \\As it were great drops of blood\\ (\\hsei thromboi\\
 \\haimatos\\). Thick, clotted blood. An old word (\\thromboi\\) common in
 medical works, but here only in the N.T. This passage (verses
 # 43,44
 is absent from some ancient documents. Aristotle speaks of a
 bloody sweat as does Theophrastus.

02765
 \\Sleeping for sorrow\\ (\\koimmenous apo ts lups\\). Luke does not
 tell of the three turnings of Jesus to the trusted three for
 human sympathy.

02766
 \\Why sleep ye?\\ (\\Ti katheudete;\\). This reproach Luke gives, but not
 the almost bitter details in
 # Mr 14:37-42; Mt 26:40-46

02767
 \\Went before them\\ (\\prorcheto\\). Imperfect middle. Judas was
 leading the band for he knew the place well
 # Joh 18:2

02768
 \\With a kiss\\ (\\philmati\\). Instrumental case. Jesus challenges the
 act of Judas openly and calls it betrayal, but it did not stop
 him.

02769
 \\What would follow\\ (\\to esomenon\\). Article and the future middle
 participle of \\eimi\\, to be. \\Shall we smite with a sword?\\ (\\ei\\
 \\pataxomen en machairi;\\). Note \\ei\\ in a direct question like the
 Hebrew. Luke alone gives this question. Instrumental use of \\en\\.
 They had the two swords already mentioned
 # 22:38

02770
 \\His right ear\\ (\\to ous autou to dexion\\).
 # Mark 14:47; Mt 26:51
 do not mention "right," but Luke the Physician does.
 # Joh 18:10
 follows Luke in this item and also adds the names of Peter and of
 Malchus since probably both were dead by that time and Peter
 would not be involved in trouble.

02771
 \\Suffer us thus far\\ (\\ete hes toutou\\). Present active imperative
 of \\ea\\, to allow. But the meaning is not clear. If addressed to
 Peter and the other disciples it means that they are to suffer
 this much of violence against Jesus. This is probably the idea.
 If it is addressed to the crowd, it means that they are to excuse
 Peter for his rash act. \\He touched his ear and healed him\\
 (\\hapsamenos tou otiou iasato auton\\). Whether Jesus picked up the
 piece of the ear and put it back is not said. He could have
 healed the wound without that. This miracle of surgery is given
 alone by Luke.

02772
 \\As against a robber?\\ (\\hs epi listn;\\). They were treating Jesus
 as if he were a bandit like Barabbas.

02773
 \\But this is your hour\\ (\\all' haut estin humn h hra\\). So Jesus
 surrenders. The moral value of his atoning sacrifice on the Cross
 consists in the voluntariness of his death. He makes it clear
 that they have taken undue advantage of him in this hour of
 secret prayer and had failed to seize him in public in the
 temple. But "the power of darkness" (\\h exousia tou skotous\\), had
 its turn. A better day will come. The might, authority of
 darkness.

02774
 \\Into the high priest's house\\ (\\eis tn oikian tou archieres\\).
 Luke alone mentions "the house." Though it is implied in
 # Mr 14:53; Mt 26:57
 \\Followed\\ (\\kolouthei\\). Imperfect, was following, as
 # Mt 26:58; Joh 18:15
 Curiously
 # Mr 14:54
 has the aorist.

02775
 \\When they had kindled a fire\\ (\\periapsantn pur\\). Genitive
 absolute, first aorist active participle of \\periapt\\, an old
 verb, but here only in the N.T. Kindle around, make a good fire
 that blazes all over. It was April and cool at night. The
 servants made the fire. \\And had sat down together\\ (\\kai\\
 \\sunkathisantn\\). Genitive absolute again. Note \\sun-\\ (together),
 all had taken seats around the fire. \\Peter sat in the midst of\\
 \\them\\ (\\ekathto ho Petros mesos autn\\). Imperfect tense, he was
 sitting, and note \\mesos\\, nominative predicate adjective with the
 genitive, like
 # Joh 1:26
 good Greek idiom.

02776
 \\In the light\\ (\\pros to phs\\). Facing (\\pros\\) the light, for the
 fire gave light as well as heat.
 # Mr 14:65
 has "warming himself in the light," John
 # Joh 18:18,25
 "warming himself." \\Looking steadfastly\\ (\\atenisasa\\). Favourite
 word in Luke
 # 4:20
 etc.) for gazing steadily at one. \\This man also\\ (\\kai houtos\\). As
 if pointing to Peter and talking about him. The other Gospels
 # Mr 14:67; Mt 26:69; Joh 18:25
 make a direct address to Peter. Both could be true, as she turned
 to Peter.

02777
 \\I know him not\\ (\\ouk oida auton\\). Just as Jesus had predicted that
 he would do
 # Lu 22:34

02778
 \\After a little while another\\ (\\meta brachu heteros\\).
 # Mt 26:71
 makes it after Peter had gone out into the porch and mentions a
 maid as speaking as does
 # Mr 14:69
 while here the "other" (\\heteros\\) is a man (masculine gender). It
 is almost impossible to co-ordinate the three denials in the four
 accounts unless we conceive of several joining in when one led
 off. This time Peter's denial is very blunt, "I am not."

02779
 \\After the space of about one hour\\ (\\diastass hsei hras mias\\).
 Genitive absolute with second aorist active participle feminine
 singular of \\diistmi\\. This classical verb in the N.T. is used
 only by Luke
 # 22:59; 24:51; Ac 27:28
 It means standing in two or apart, about an hour intervening.
 \\Confidently affirmed\\ (\\diischurizeto\\). Imperfect middle, he kept
 affirming strongly. An old verb (\\dia, ischurizomai\\), to make
 oneself strong, to make emphatic declaration. In the N.T. only
 here and
 # Ac 12:15
 \\For he is a Galilean\\ (\\kai gar Galilaios estin\\).
 # Mt 26:73
 makes it plain that it was his speech that gave him away, which
 see.

02780
 \\I know not what thou sayest\\ (\\ouk oida ho legeis\\). Each denial
 tangles Peter more and more. \\While he yet spake\\ (\\eti lalountos\\
 \\autou\\). Genitive absolute. Peter could hear the crowing all
 right.

02781
 \\The Lord turned\\ (\\strapheis ho kurios\\). Second aorist passive
 participle of \\streph\\, coming verb. Graphic picture drawn by Luke
 alone. \\Looked upon Peter\\ (\\eneblepsen ti Petri\\). Ingressive
 aorist active indicative of \\enblep\\, an old and vivid verb, to
 glance at. \\Remembered\\ (\\hupemnsth\\). First aorist passive
 indicative of \\hupomimnsk\\, common verb to remind one of
 something (\\hupo\\ giving a suggestion or hint). The cock crowing
 and the look brought swiftly back to Peter's mind the prophecy of
 Jesus and his sad denials. The mystery is how he had forgotten
 that warning.

02782
 \\And he went out and wept bitterly\\ (\\kai exelthn ex eklausen\\
 \\pikrs\\). A few old Latin documents omit this verse which is
 genuine in
 # Mt 26:75
 It may be an insertion here from there, but the evidence for the
 rejection is too slight. It is the ingressive aorist (\\eklausen\\),
 he burst into tears. "Bitter" is a common expression for tears in
 all languages and in all hearts.

02783
 \\That held\\ (\\hoi sunechontes\\).
 See note on "Lu 8:45"
 See note on "Lu 19:43"
  for this verb \\sunech\\. Here alone in the N.T. for holding a
 prisoner (holding together). The servants or soldiers, not the
 Sanhedrin. \\Mocked\\ (\\enepaizon\\). Imperfect active, were mocking,
 inchoative, began to mock, to play like boys. \\And beat him\\
 (\\derontes\\). Present active participle of \\der\\, to flay, tan, or
 hide. Literally, "beating."

02784
 \\Blindfolded\\ (\\perikalupsantes\\). First aorist active participle of
 \\perikalupt\\, old verb, to put a veil around. In the N.T. only
 here and
 # Mr 14:65
 See
 # Mr 14:65; Mt 26:67
 for further discussion.

02785
 \\Many other things\\ (\\hetera polla\\). These are just samples.

02786
 \\As soon as it was day\\ (\\hs egeneto hmera\\).
 # Mr 15:1
 # Mt 27:1
 has "morning." \\The assembly of the people\\ (\\to presbuterion tou\\
 \\laou\\). The technical word for "the eldership" (from \\presbuteros\\,
 an old man or elder) or group of the elders composing the
 Sanhedrin. The word occurs in the LXX for the Sanhedrin. In the
 N.T. occurs only here and
 # Ac 22:5
 of the Sanhedrin. In
 # 1Ti 4:14
 Paul uses it of the elders in a church (or churches). The
 Sanhedrin was composed of the elders and scribes and chief
 priests
 # Mr 15:1
 and all three groups are at this meeting. Luke's language (both
 chief priests and scribes, \\te ... kai\\) seems to apply the word
 \\presbuterion\\ to the whole Sanhedrin. Sadducees (chief priests)
 and Pharisees (scribes) were nearly equally represented. \\Into\\
 \\their council\\ (\\eis to sunedrion autn\\). The place of the
 gathering is not given, but Jesus was led into the council
 chamber.

02787
 \\If thou art the Christ\\ (\\Ei su ei ho Christos\\). The Messiah, they
 mean. The condition is the first class, assuming it to be true.
 \\If I tell you\\ (\\Ean humin eip\\). Condition of the third class,
 undetermined, but with likelihood of being determined. This is
 the second appearance of Jesus before the Sanhedrin merely
 mentioned by
 # Mr 15:1; Mt 27:1
 who give in detail the first appearance and trial. Luke merely
 gives this so-called ratification meeting after daybreak to give
 the appearance of legality to their vote of condemnation already
 taken
 # Mr 14:64; Mt 26:66
 \\Ye will not believe\\ (\\ou m pisteuste\\). Double negative with the
 aorist subjunctive, strongest possible negative. So as to verse
 # 68

02788
02789
 \\The Son of man\\ (\\ho huios tou anthrpou\\). Jesus really answers
 their demand about "the Messiah" by asserting that he is "the Son
 of man" and they so understand him. He makes claims of equality
 with God also which they take up.

02790
 \\Art thou the Son of God?\\ (\\Su oun ei ho huios tou theou;\\). Note
 how these three epithets are used as practical equivalents. They
 ask about "the Messiah." Jesus affirms that he is the Son of Man
 and will sit at the right hand of the power of God. They take
 this to be a claim to be the Son of God (both humanity and
 deity). Jesus accepts the challenge and admits that he claims to
 be all three (Messiah, the Son of man, the Son of God). \\Ye say\\
 (\\Humeis legete\\). Just a Greek idiom for "Yes" (compare "I am" in
 # Mr 14:62
 with "Thou has said" in
 # Mt 26:64

02791
 \\For we ourselves have heard\\ (\\autoi gar kousamen\\). They were
 right if Jesus is not what he claimed to be. They were eternally
 wrong for he is the Christ, the Son of man, the Son of God. They
 made their choice and must face Christ as Judge.

02792
 \\The whole company\\ (\\hapan to plthos\\). All but Nicodemus and
 Joseph of Arimathea who were probably not invited to this
 meeting.

02793
 \\Began to accuse\\ (\\rxanto katgorein\\). They went at it and kept it
 up. Luke mentions three, but neither of them includes their real
 reason nor do they mention their own condemnation of Jesus. They
 had indulged their hatred in doing it, but they no longer have
 the power of life and death. Hence they say nothing to Pilate of
 that. \\We found\\ (\\heuramen\\). Second aorist active indicative with
 first aorist vowel \\a\\. Probably they mean that they had caught
 Jesus in the act of doing these things (_in flagrante delicto_)
 rather than discovery by formal trial. \\Perverting our nation\\
 (\\diastrephonta to ethnos hmn\\). Present active participle of
 \\diastreph\\, old verb to turn this way and that, distort, disturb.
 In the N.T. only here and
 # Ac 13:10
 The Sanhedrin imply that the great popularity of Jesus was
 seditious. \\Forbidding to give tribute to Caesar\\, (\\kluonta\\
 \\phorous kaisari didonai\\). Note object infinitive \\didonai\\ after
 the participle \\kluonta\\. Literally, hindering giving tribute to
 Caesar. This was a flat untruth. Their bright young students had
 tried desperately to get Jesus to say this very thing, but they
 had failed utterly
 # Lu 20:25
 \\Saying that he himself is Christ a king\\ (\\legonta hauton Christon\\
 \\basilea einai\\). Note the indirect discourse here after the
 participle \\legonta\\ with the accusative (\\hauton\\ where \\auton\\
 could have been used), and the infinitive. This charge is true,
 but not in the sense meant by them. Jesus did claim to be the
 Christ and the king of the kingdom of God. But the Sanhedrin
 wanted Pilate to think that he set himself up as a rival to
 Caesar. Pilate would understand little from the word "Christ,"
 but "King" was a different matter. He was compelled to take
 notice of this charge else he himself would be accused to Caesar
 of winking at such a claim by Jesus.

02794
 \\Thou sayest\\ (\\su legeis\\). A real affirmative as in
 # 22:70
 The Gospels all give Pilate's question about Jesus asking of the
 Jews in precisely the same words
 # Mr 15:2; Mt 27:11; Lu 23:3; Joh 18:33

02795
 \\The multitude\\ (\\tous ochlous\\). The first mention of them. It is
 now after daybreak. The procession of the Sanhedrin would draw a
 crowd (Plummer) and some may have come to ask for the release of
 a prisoner
 # Mr 15:8
 There was need of haste if the condemnation went through before
 friends of Jesus came. \\I find no fault\\ (\\ouden heurisk aition\\).
 In the N.T. Luke alone uses this old adjective \\aitios\\
 # Lu 23:4,14,22; Ac 19:40
 except
 # Heb. 5:9
 It means one who is the author, the cause of or responsible for
 anything. Luke does not give the explanation of this sudden
 decision of Pilate that Jesus is innocent. Evidently he held a
 careful examination before he delivered his judgment on the case.
 That conversation is given in
 # Joh 18:33-38
 Pilate took Jesus inside the palace from the upper gallery
 # Joh 18:33
 and then came out and rendered his decision to the Sanhedrin
 # Joh 18:38
 who would not go into the palace of Pilate
 # Joh 18:28

02796
 \\But they were the more urgent\\ (\\hoi de epischuon\\). Imperfect
 active of \\epischu\\, to give added (\\epi\\) strength (\\ischu\\). And
 they kept insisting. Evidently Pilate had taken the thing too
 lightly. \\He stirred up the people\\ (\\anaseiei ton laon\\). This
 compound is rare, though old (Thucydides), to shake up (back and
 forth). This is a more vigorous repetition of the first charge
 (verse
 # 2
 "perverting our nation"). \\Beginning from Galilee\\ (\\arxamenos apo\\
 \\ts Galilaias\\). These very words occur in the address of Peter to
 the group in the house of Cornelius
 # Ac 10:37
 The idiomatic use of \\arxamenos\\ appears also in
 # Ac 1:22
 Galilee (Grote) was the mother of seditious men (see Josephus).

02797
 \\A Galilean\\ (\\Galilaios\\). If so, here was a way out for Herod
 without going back on his own decision.

02798
 \\When he knew\\ (\\epignous\\). Second aorist active participle from
 \\epiginsk\\, having gained full (\\epi\\, added knowledge). \\Of Herod's\\
 \\jurisdiction\\ (\\ek ts exousias Hridou\\). Herod was naturally
 jealous of any encroachment by Pilate, the Roman Procurator of
 Judea. So here was a chance to respect the prerogative (\\exousia\\)
 of Herod and get rid of this troublesome case also. \\Sent him up\\
 (\\anepempsen\\). First aorist active indicative of \\anapemp\\. This
 common verb is used of sending back as in verse
 # 11
 or of sending up to a higher court as of Paul to Caesar
 # Ac 25:21
 \\Who himself also was\\ (\\onta kai auton\\). Being also himself in
 Jerusalem. Present active participle of \\eimi\\.

02799
 \\Was exceeding glad\\ (\\echar lian\\). Second aorist passive
 indicative of \\chair\\, ingressive aorist, became glad. \\Of a long\\
 \\time\\ (\\ex hikann chronn\\). For this idiom see
 # 8:27; 20:9; Ac 8:11
 \\He hoped\\ (\\lpizen\\). Imperfect active. He was still hoping. He had
 long ago gotten over his fright that Jesus was John the Baptist
 come to life again
 # 9:7-9
 \\Done\\ (\\ginomenon\\). Present middle participle. He wanted to see a
 miracle happening like a stunt of a sleight-of-hand performer.
