02600
 \\Trade ye herewith till I come\\ (\\pragmateusasthe en hi erchomai\\).
 First aorist middle imperative of \\pragmateuomai\\, an old verb from
 \\prgma\\, business. Here only in the N.T. Westcott and Hort in
 their text read \\pragmateusasthai\\, first aorist middle infinitive
 (\\-ai\\ and \\-e\\ were pronounced alike). The infinitive makes it
 indirect discourse, the imperative direct. \\While I am coming\\ is
 what \\en hi erchomai\\ really means.

02601
 \\His citizens\\ (\\hoi politai autou\\). That actually happened with
 Archelaus.

02602
 \\When he was come back again\\ (\\en ti epanelthein auton\\). "On the
 coming back again as to him." Luke's favourite idiom of the
 articular infinitive after \\en\\ and with the accusative of general
 reference. \\Had given\\ (\\dedkei\\). Past perfect active indicative
 without augment of \\didmi\\. \\That he might know\\ (\\hina gnoi\\). Second
 aorist active subjunctive of \\ginosk\\. The optative would be
 \\gnoi\\.

02603
 \\Hath made\\ (\\prosrgasato\\). Only here in the N.T. Note \\pros-\\ in
 addition, besides, more.

02604
 \\Have thou authority\\ (\\isthi exousian echn\\). Periphrastic present
 active imperative. Keep on having authority.

02605
02606
 \\Be thou also over\\ (\\kai su epano ginou\\). Present middle
 imperative. Keep on becoming over. There is no real reason for
 identifying this parable of the pounds with the parable of the
 talents in
 # Mt 25
 The versatility of Jesus needs to be remembered by those who seek
 to flatten out everything.

02607
 \\I kept\\ (\\eichon\\). Imperfect active of \\ech\\. I kept on keeping.
 \\Laid up\\ (\\apokeimenn\\). Present passive participle agreeing with
 \\hn\\ (which), used often as perfect passive of \\tithmi\\ as here,
 laid away or off (\\apo\\). It is not the periphrastic construction,
 but two separate verbs, each with its own force. \\In a napkin\\ (\\en\\
 \\soudarii\\). A Latin word _sudarium_ from _sudor_ (sweat)
 transliterated into Greek, a sweatcloth handkerchief or napkin.
 Found in papyrus marriage contracts as part of the dowry (second
 and third centuries A.D., Deissmann, _Bible Studies_, p. 223).
 Used also for swathing the head of the dead
 # Joh 11:44; 20:7

02608
 \\I feared\\ (\\ephoboumn\\). Imperfect middle, I continued to fear.
 \\Austere\\ (\\austros\\). Old Greek word from \\au\\, to dry up.
 Reproduced in Latin _austeros_ and English _austere_. It means
 rough to the taste, stringent. Here only in the N.T. Compare
 \\sklros\\ (hard) in
 # Mt 25:24
 "Harsh in flavour, then in disposition" (Bruce). \\Thou layedst not\\
 \\down\\ (\\ouk ethkas\\). Probably a proverb for a grasping profiteer.

02609
 \\Thou knewest\\ (\\ideis\\). Second past perfect of \\hora\\, to see, used
 as imperfect of \\oida\\, to know. Either it must be taken as a
 question as Westcott and Hort do or be understood as sarcasm as
 the Revised Version has it. The words of the wicked (\\ponros\\)
 slave are turned to his own condemnation.

02610
 \\Then wherefore\\ (\\kai dia ti\\). Note this inferential use of \\kai-\\ in
 that case. \\Into the bank\\ (\\epi trapezan\\). Literally, \\upon a table\\.
 This old word \\trapeza\\, from \\tetrapeza\\ (\\tetra\\, four, \\pous\\,
 foot). It means then any table
 # Mr 7:28
 food on the table
 # Ac 16:34
 feast or banquet
 # Ro 11:9
 table of the money-changers
 # Joh 2:15; Mr 11:15; Mt 21:12
 or bank as here. Our word bank is from Old English _bench_. \\With\\
 \\interest\\ (\\sun toki\\). Not usury, but proper and legal interest.
 Old word from \\tikt\\, to bring forth. In the N.T. only here and
 # Mt 25:27
 \\Should have required it\\ (\\an auto epraxa\\). Conclusion of
 second-class condition the condition or apodosis being implied in
 the participle "coming" (\\elthn\\), and the previous question. On
 this technical use of \\prass\\ (\\epraxa\\) see
 # Lu 3:13

02611
02612
 \\And they said unto him\\ (\\kai eipan auti\\). Probably the eager
 audience who had been listening to this wonderful parable
 interrupted Jesus at this point because of this sudden turn when
 the one pound is given to the man who has ten pounds. If so, it
 shows plainly how keenly they followed the story which Jesus was
 giving because of their excitement about the kingdom
 # Lu 19:11

02613
 \\That hath not\\ (\\tou m echontos\\). The present tense of \\ech\\ here,
 that keeps on not having, probably approaches the idea of
 acquiring or getting, the one who keeps on not acquiring. This is
 the law of nature and of grace.

02614
 \\Reign\\ (\\basileusai\\). First aorist active infinitive, ingressive
 aorist, come to rule. \\Slay\\ (\\katasphaxate\\). First aorist active
 imperative of \\katasphaz\\, to slaughter, an old verb, but only
 here in the N.T.

02615
 \\Went on before\\ (\\eporeueto emprosthen\\). Imperfect middle. Jesus
 left the parable to do its work and slowly went on his way up the
 hill to Jerusalem.

02616
 \\Unto Bethphage and Bethany\\ (\\eis Bthphag kai Bthania\\). Both
 indeclinable forms of the Hebrew or Aramaic names. In
 # Mr 11:1
 "Bethany" is inflected regularly, which see. \\Of Olives\\ (\\Elain\\).
 As in
 # Mr 11:1; Mt 21:1
 though some editors take it to be, not the genitive plural of
 \\elaia\\ (olive tree), but the name of the place Olivet. In the
 Greek it is just a matter of accent (circumflex or acute) Olivet
 is correct in
 # Ac 1:12
 See note on "Mt 21:1"
 ... and verses following
 See note on "Mr 11:1"
 ... and verses following
  for details.

02617
 \\Whereon no man ever yet sat\\ (\\eph' hon oudeis ppote anthrpn\\
 \\ekathisen\\). Plummer holds that this fact indicated to the
 disciples a royal progress into the city of a piece with the
 Virgin Birth of Jesus and the burial in a new tomb.

02618
02619
 \\As he had said unto them\\ (\\kaths eipen autois\\). Luke alone notes
 this item.

02620
 \\As they were loosing\\ (\\luontn autn\\). Genitive absolute. \\The\\
 \\owners thereof\\ (\\hoi kurioi autou\\). The same word \\kurios\\ used of
 the Lord Jesus in verse
 # 31
 (and
 # 34
 and which these "owners" would understand.
 See note on "Mt 21:3"
 See note on "Mr 11:3"
  for \\kurios\\ used by Jesus about himself with the expectation that
 these disciples would recognize him by that title as they did.
 The word in common use for the Roman emperor and in the LXX to
 translate the Hebrew _Elohim_ (God).

02621
02622
 \\Set Jesus thereon\\ (\\epebibasan ton Isoun\\). First aorist active.
 Old verb, to cause to mount, causative verb from \\bain\\, to go. In
 the N.T. only here and
 # Lu 10:34; Ac 23:24

02623
 \\They spread\\ (\\hupestrnnuon\\). Imperfect active describing the
 continued spreading as they went on. \\Hupostrnnu\\ is a late form
 of the old verb \\hupostorennumi\\. Here only in the N.T.

02624
 \\At the descent\\ (\\pros ti katabasei\\). Epexegetic of "drawing
 nigh." They were going by the southern slope of the Mount of
 Olives. As they turned down to the city, the grand view stirred
 the crowd to rapturous enthusiasm. This was the first sight of
 the city on this route which is soon obscured in the descent. The
 second view bursts out again (verse
 # 41
 It was a shout of triumph from the multitude with their long
 pent-up enthusiasm (verse
 # 11
 restrained no longer by the parable of the pounds. \\For all the\\
 \\mighty works which they had seen\\ (\\peri pasn eidon dunamen\\).
 Neat Greek idiom, incorporation of the antecedent (\\dunamen\\) into
 the relative clause and attraction of the case of the relative
 from the accusative \\has\\ to the genitive \\hn\\. And note "all." The
 climax had come, Lazarus, Bartimaeus, and the rest.

02625
 \\The king cometh\\ (\\ho erchomenos, ho basileus\\). The Messianic hopes
 of the people were now all ablaze with expectation of immediate
 realization. A year ago in Galilee he had frustrated their plans
 for a revolutionary movement "to take him by force to make him
 king"
 # Joh 6:15
 The phrase "the coming king" like "the coming prophet"
 # Joh 6:14; De 18:15
 expressed the hope of the long-looked-for Messiah. They are
 singing from the Hallel in their joy that Jesus at last is making
 public proclamation of his Messiahship. \\Peace in heaven, and\\
 \\glory in the highest\\ (\\en ourani eirn kai doxa en hupsistois\\).
 This language reminds one strongly of the song of the angels at
 the birth of Jesus
 # Lu 2:14
 # Mr 11:10; Mt 21:9
 have "Hosannah in the highest."

02626
 \\Some of the Pharisees\\ (\\tines tn Pharisain\\). Luke seems to imply
 by "from the multitude" (\\apo tou ochlou\\) that these Pharisees
 were in the procession, perhaps half-hearted followers of the
 mob. But
 # Joh 12:19
 speaks of Pharisees who stood off from the procession and blamed
 each other for their failure and the triumph of Jesus. These may
 represent the bolder spirits of their same group who dared to
 demand of Jesus that he rebuke his disciples.

02627
 \\If these shall hold their peace\\ (\\ean houtoi sipsousin\\). A
 condition of the first class, determined as fulfilled. The use of
 \\ean\\ rather than \\ei\\ cuts no figure in the case (see
 # Ac 8:31; 1Th 3:8; 1Jo 5:15
 The kind of condition is determined by the mode which is here
 indicative. The future tense by its very nature does approximate
 the aorist subjunctive, but after all it is the indicative. \\The\\
 \\stones will cry out\\ (\\hoi lithoi kraxousin\\). A proverb for the
 impossible happening.

02628
 \\Wept\\ (\\eklausen\\). Ingressive aorist active indicative, burst into
 tears. Probably audible weeping.

02629
 \\If thou hadst known\\ (\\ei egns\\). Second aorist active indicative
 of \\ginsk\\. Second-class condition, determined as unfulfilled.
 \\Even thou\\ (\\kai su\\). Emphatic position of the subject. \\But now\\
 (\\nun de\\). Aposiopesis. The conclusion is not expressed and the
 sudden breaking off and change of structure is most impressive.
 \\They are hid\\ (\\ekrub\\). Second aorist passive indicative of
 \\krupt\\, common verb, to hide.

02630
 \\Shall cast up a bank\\ (\\parembalousin charaka\\). Future active
 indicative of \\paremball\\, a double compound (\\para, en, ball\\) of
 long usage, finally in a military sense of line of battle or in
 camp. Here alone in the N.T. So also the word \\charaka\\ (\\charax\\)
 for bank, stake, palisade, rampart, is here alone in the N.T.,
 though common enough in the old Greek. \\Compass thee round\\
 (\\perikuklsousin se\\). Future active indicative. Another common
 compound to make a circle (\\kuklos\\) around (\\peri\\), though here
 only in the N.T. \\Keep thee in\\ (\\sunexousin se\\). Shall hold thee
 together on every side (\\pantothen\\). See about \\sunech\\ on
 # 4:38

02631
 \\Shall dash to the ground\\ (\\edaphiousin\\). Attic future of \\edaphiz\\,
 to beat level, to raze to the ground, a rare verb from \\edaphos\\,
 bottom, base, ground
 # Ac 22:7
 here alone in the N.T. \\Because\\ (\\anth' hn\\). "In return for which
 things." \\Thou knewest not\\ (\\ouk egns\\). Applying the very words of
 the lament in the condition in verse
 # 42
 This vivid prophecy of the destruction of Jerusalem is used by
 those who deny predictive prophecy even for Jesus as proof that
 Luke wrote the Gospel after the destruction of Jerusalem. But it
 is no proof at all to those who concede to Jesus adequate
 knowledge of his mission and claims.

02632
 \\Began to cast out\\ (\\rxato ekballein\\). So
 # Mr 11:15
 whereas
 # Mt 21:12
 has simply "he cast out." See Mark and Matthew for discussion of
 this second cleansing of the temple at the close of the public
 ministry in relation to the one at the beginning in
 # Joh 2:14-22
 There is nothing gained by accusing John or the Synoptics of a
 gross chronological blunder. There was abundant time in these
 three years for all the abuses to be revived.

02633
02634
 \\He was teaching\\ (\\n didaskn\\). Periphrastic imperfect. \\Daily\\ (\\to\\
 \\kath' hmeran\\). Note the accusative neuter article, "as to the
 according to the day," very awkward English surely, but perfectly
 good Greek. The same idiom occurs in
 # 11:3
 \\Sought\\ (\\eztoun\\). Imperfect active, conative imperfect, were
 seeking, trying to seek. \\The principal men of the people\\ (\\hoi\\
 \\prtoi tou laou\\). The first men of the people. The position after
 the verb and apart from the chief priests and the scribes calls
 special attention to them. Some of these "first men" were chief
 priests or scribes, but not all of them. The lights and leaders
 of Jerusalem were bent on the destruction (\\apolesai\\) of Jesus.
 The raising of Lazarus from the dead brought them together for
 this action
 # Joh 11:47-53; 12:9-11

02635
 \\They could not find\\ (\\ouch huriskon\\). Imperfect active. They kept
 on not finding. \\What they might do\\ (\\to ti poissin\\). First
 aorist active deliberative subjunctive in a direct question
 retained in the indirect. Note the article \\to\\ (neuter accusative)
 with the question. \\Hung upon him\\ (\\exekremeto autou\\). Imperfect
 middle of \\ekkremamai\\, an old verb (\\mi\\ form) to hang from, here
 only in the N.T. The form is an \\omega\\ form from \\ekkremomai\\, a
 constant tendency to the \\omega\\ form in the _Koin_. It pictures
 the whole nation (save the leaders in verse
 # 47
 hanging upon the words of Jesus as if in suspense in mid-air,
 rapt attention that angered these same leaders. Tyndale renders
 it "stuck by him."

02636
 \\On one of the days\\ (\\en mii tn hmern\\). Luke's favourite way of
 indicating time. It was the last day of the temple teaching
 (Tuesday).
 # Lu 20:1-19
 is to be compared with
 # Mr 11:27-12:12; Mt 21:23-46
 \\There came upon him\\ (\\epestsan\\). Second aorist active indicative,
 ingressive aorist of \\ephistmi\\, old and common verb, stood up
 against him, with the notion of sudden appearance. These leaders
 (cf.
 # 19:47
 had determined to attack Jesus on this morning, both Sadducees
 (chief priests) and Pharisees (scribes), a formal delegation from
 the Sanhedrin.

02637
 \\Tell us\\ (\\eipon hmin\\). Luke adds these words to what Mark and
 Matthew have. Second aorist active imperative for the old form
 \\eipe\\ and with ending \\-on\\ of the first aorist active. Westcott and
 Hort punctuate the rest of the sentence as an indirect question
 after \\eipon\\, but the Revised Version puts a semicolon after "us"
 and retains the direct question. The Greek manuscripts have no
 punctuation.

02638
 \\Question\\ (\\logon\\). Literally, word. So in
 # Mr 11:29; Mt 21:24

02639
02640
 \\They reasoned with themselves\\ (\\sunelogisanto\\). First aorist
 middle of \\sullogizomai\\, to bring together accounts, an old word,
 only here in the N.T. Mark and Matthew have \\dielogizonto\\
 (imperfect middle of \\dialogizomai\\, a kindred verb, to reckon
 between one another, confer). This form (\\dielogizonto\\) in verse
 # 14
 below. \\If we shall say\\ (\\ean eipmen\\). Third-class condition with
 second aorist active subjunctive. Suppose we say! So in verse
 # 6

02641
 \\Will stone us\\ (\\katalithasei\\). Late verb and here only in the N.T.
 Literally, will throw stones down on us, stone us down, overwhelm
 us with stones. \\They be persuaded\\ (\\pepeismenos estin\\).
 Periphrastic perfect passive indicative of \\peith\\, to persuade, a
 settled state of persuasion, "is persuaded" (no reason for use of
 "be" here). \\That John was a prophet\\ (\\Iann prophtn einai\\).
 Accusative and infinitive in indirect assertion.

02642
 \\That they knew not\\ (\\m eidenai\\). Accusative and infinitive in
 indirect assertion again with the negative \\m\\ rather than \\ou\\.

02643
02644
 \\Vineyard\\ (\\ampelna\\). Late word from \\ampelos\\ (vine), place of
 vines. So in
 # Mr 12:1; Mt 21:33
 \\Let it out\\ (\\exedeto\\). Second aorist middle of \\ekdidmi\\, but with
 variable vowel \\e\\ in place of \\o\\ of the stem \\do\\ (\\exedoto\\).
 Same form in Mark and Matthew. \\For a long time\\ (\\chronous\\
 \\hikanous\\). Accusative of extent of time, considerable times or
 periods of time. Not in Mark and Matthew, though all three have
 \\apedmsen\\ (went off from home).
 See note on "Lu 7:6"
  for \\hikanos\\.

02645
 \\At the season\\ (\\kairi\\). The definite season for the fruit like \\ho\\
 \\kairos tn karpn\\
 # Mt 21:34
 That they should give (\\hina dsousin\\). Future indicative with
 \\hina\\ for purpose like the aorist subjunctive, though not so
 frequent.

02646
 \\He sent yet another\\ (\\prosetheto heteron pempsai\\). Literally, \\he\\
 \\added to send another\\. A clear Hebraism repeated in verse
 # 12
 and also in
 # 19:11

02647
 \\They wounded\\ (\\traumatisantes\\). First aorist active participle of
 \\traumatiz\\. An old verb, from \\trauma\\, a wound, but in the N.T.
 only here and
 # Ac 19:16

02648
 \\What shall I do?\\ (\\Ti pois;\\). Deliberative future indicative or
 aorist subjunctive (same form). This detail only in Luke. Note
 the variations in all three Gospels. All three have "will
 reverence" (\\entrapsontai\\) for which see Matthew and Mark. \\It may\\
 \\be\\ (\\iss\\). Perhaps, from \\isos\\, equal. Old adverb, but only here
 in the N.T.

02649
 \\That the inheritance may be ours\\ (\\hina hmn gentai h\\
 \\klronomia\\). That the inheritance may become (\\gentai\\, second
 aorist middle subjunctive of \\ginomai\\). Here
 # Mt 21:39
 has \\schmen\\ "let us get, ingressive aorist active subjunctive."
 Cf. \\echmen\\, present subjunctive of the same verb \\ech\\ in
 # Ro 5:1; Mr 12:7
 has "and it will be ours" (\\estai\\).
